EU Technology Policies And Their Spatial Effect

Nowdays, technology has become the key factor of promoting regional competion and realizing sustainable development. How to improve technology level and enhance regional innovation ability has been the principal aim for all countries and all the regions. In order to provide a better condition for innovation, there are a lot of technology policies coming out.Technology policies have been focus for a long time. Since there are much uncertainty and subjectivity in making policies, some ones can not perform their function as well as them been expected. Since that, we have to find out some ways to evaluate the effect of these policies, so that we can learn some lessons from that. And these evaluation means are the common topic for both government and scholars. To build a scientific evaluations system has both theoretics meaning and practical meaning.Technology policies has spatial property, which is different technology policies in different spatial view would have different effect. To evaluate these effects from spatial perspective is the important character of geography. The dissertation will take EU as object, and study the effect of EU technology policies. All of these would be excellent reference for our countries technology policies.There are all three parts in this dissertation, which are divided into eight chapters. The first part is about theoy basis, in which there are three chapters. The first chapter put emphases on the background, the purpose, the methods and the special points of this paper. The second chapter reviewed and analysed the study resoults in foreign countries and our own. On the basis of reading much more literatures, the autor think that the foreigns include mainly three aspects, which are the reasons why there are technology policies, what effects these policies have, and how to evaluate these policies.As the same way, the study in our own country also can be divided into three parts, which are the theories of this subject, international expercences and cases, and Chinese technology policies. As the second chapter been basis, the third one studies deeply on the concept of technology policies, sums up the main policy tools, and analyzes the purpose of technology policies.The second part is the main body of this dissertation, which include four chapters. This part mainly study EU technology policies and their spatial effects. The fourth chapter introduces the history of technology policies in EU. Then the author put emphase on two policies which are Structural Funds and Framework Programmes. These two policies are the key study objects of the dissertation. The fifth chapter is about EU technology actuality. The paper chooses 6 indexs and analyzes the actuality, distribution characters and trend by 5 aspects. The sixth chapter is a study on stypes of innovation regions in EU. The author selects 14 indexs and classifis 230 regions into 5 clusters by using these datas. The five clusters are technology improving slowing regions, technology improving fast regions, technology leaders, intelligence thick and fast, and technology drop-behind regions. The seventh chapter evaluates EU technology policies by macro-spatial, mecro-spatial and micro-spatial on the basis of these five clusters. The results show the micro-spatial effect is most prominent, which is better than the macro ones, and the mecro ones are most unclear.The third part is a demonstration. The author evaluates technology policies in our country according to the means used in forward parts. Firstly, the dissertation sums up the technology policies in china, and chooses two representative policies as evalutation objects, which are "863" prorammes and "star fire" programmes. The results shows these two policies do have positive effect on improving technology in poor regions, and the effect of "star fire" programmes are more effective than "863" programmes. However, admittedly, the two policies have the convergence trend which speed up the diversity in technology of regions in china. Referencing EU experiences, the author thinks that there are five points which china technology policies could learn from EU's. The first one is that there should be two sets of technology policies system,industry technology policies and region technology policies, which aim is enhancing innovation ability and improving harmony development. The second one is that wo should pay attention to the distribution of the industry policies and regional policies, and make these two policies as complement each other. The third one is that we should distinguish different effect of each policy in different space, and take more effective measures in each spatial lay. The fourth one is that we should try to improve the absorbed ability of underdeveloped regions for new technology and the spill-over ability of developed regions by technology policies. The last one is that there should be scientific evaluation models for technology policies in our country.