Research On U.S. Modern Urban Public Services Provide Mechanism

Urban public Services are the embodiment unites of public services and urban characteristic; the provision of urban public services is the fundamental work on the formation and perfection of urban multi-function and the implementation of urban center. From the point of urban construction and development, the research works on urban public services provide mechanism has very great theoretical and practical meaning.U.S. urban public services provide mechanism got certain success through long time theory development and practical reformation. Disengaged government from multifarious public services, enhanced work efficiency further more, implement efficiency collocate of resources, achieve scale effectiveness to a certainty, and what is more important, the consolidate of efficiency, effectiveness and equity comes true on the higher level of public services provision. The reformation of urban public services provide mechanism is a complex and arduous system engineering, it needs the guarantee of all kinds of conditions, the developing stage of urban, mature market mechanism, the democracy of public policy decision, legal system of government behavior and the effective support of scientific modern technology. Although there is a great gap between U.S. and China on their political culture and economic background, but they do have many ways to communicate and to exchange on the setup and provision of urban public services, via the research on its U.S. urban public services provide mechanism and performance, use its experience and instruction for reference, combine the true situation of our country, investigate and hackle all kinds of urban public services provide mechanism, probe and exploit the reformation with Chinese characteristic.This dissertation includes theses parts:1,The history about U.S urban public services provide mechanism. In the history of U.S. urban public services provide mechanism, public-private-partnership is a new idea for provide mechanism, it includes three main actors, such as public sector,private sector and other benefit related parties, modern urban public services provide mechanism is the varies results of this partnership.2,Theory background of modern urban public services provide mechanism. The developments of urban public services provide mechanism is based on many theories; the author divided it into two part, public administration and economics. Such as public choice theory, new public management theory, governance theory, new public service theory, transaction cost theory and agency theory.3,Process, mechanism and the causes about modern U.S. urban public services provide mechanism. Planning, Financing and Monitoring are the three basic processes, the most visible difference is regulated or traditional, under traditional provide mechanism, government is in charge of the planning, financing and monitoring processed about services provide practice, but the production responsibility may be shared with or shift to the other unities. When government choose regulated mechanism, may accredit some provide responsibility and all the production responsibility to other government departments or private provider. The cause of different choice of mechanism is list as below: fiscal pressures, cost reduction, political demand, institutional incentives, and intergovernmental pressure.4,Estimate criterion about modern U.S. urban public services provide mechanism. Efficiency, effectiveness and equity is the main criterion about this practice, the effectiveness is mainly about its force, is the bases and the guarantee of the practice; the efficiency is about its interest, is the process and results of its practice; the equality is about its value, is the basic judgment of urban public services.5,Empirical research about U.S. urban public services provide mechanism. Take the reformation of Phoenix urban public services provide mechanism as example; we analyze the process and results about PPP, and proved that multiple subjects in public service provide may promote the mutual-patch and double-win.6,Collective analysis about the performance on modern U.S. Urban public services provide mechanism and it enlightenment to China. The enlightenments includes: construct multiple subjects in public service provide mechanism; Agency construction; perfect price regulatory system; and consolidate urban government's monitoring function.The innovation of this paper is, make use of visiting opportunity at U.S., and accumulate a great deal of first-hand literature and data about urban public services provide mechanism, explained its entire development, theory background, service category, mechanism form, choosing reason, performance evaluate and etc. After the entire description about U.S. urban public service provide mechanism, take Phoenix-the pioneer city on the reformation of urban public services provide mechanism-refuse collection as research case, analysis the compete process and results about public-private partnership at urban public services provision, afford some experience sustain for Chinese related reformation, and also put forward the new approach to Chinese public service provide mechanism.