| The economical globalization and the knowledge economy arrival set the new request to the region economy development. The knowledge and the new technician's active production, the proliferation and the dissemination cause to the region development question analysis to have to emphasize the knowledge and the technical innovation and the proliferation. The innovation already becomes one of local development basic determining factors, the system becomes the main carrier and the development pattern of the region economy, the region innovation system construction promotes into the effective way of the region economy end genetic grows; the region innovation ability's cultivation and maintains becomes the key of constructs and consummates the region innovation system. As the national stratification plane science and technology strategic resources, the national natural sciences fund must serve the national innovation system construction general goals. Through the science fund guidance field innovation system construction, is the display science fund guidance function important aspect, attracts the local authority through the science fund to invest the basic research, constructs the region innovation system, and lays the foundation for the national innovation system construction. In order to display the national natural sciences fund the function, realizes its localization, still some many questions (theory and practice aspect question) needed to study and to solve, therefore this article chose the national natural sciences fund to promote the region innovation system construction to take the research direction, not only had the theoretically value, but also had the vital practical significance.In carries on to the domestic and foreign region innovation system theory summarizes earnestly with in the objective evaluation foundation, the paper first analysis to the national natural sciences fund subsidization with the organization, the discipline and the local distribution which delivered has carried on. In each kind of organization, the university subsidization volume accounts for the proportion to be highest, the enterprise are least or do not have. Indicates the national natural sciences fund stress subsidization basic research the characteristic; Various disciplines subsidization stress is different, the university in the material, the information, the management discipline holds the absolute superiority, Academia Silica holds the superiority in the geography discipline, mathematical, chemistry, the life discipline subsidization volume is relatively even in each kind of organization distribution; Subsidizes mainly concentrates in the eastern area, specially the Beijing area, in 2005 on the surface in project subsidization national 31 provinces and cities, Beijing's subsidization volume occupies 26.1%. The subsidization centralized primary cause possible and the university concentrates related in these areas; If various local, various organizations subsidization volume the NSFC paper delivers quantity to have the very good relevance. Demonstrated between the investment with delivers has certain causal relation. The paper from National Natural sciences Fund Main Subsidization University and the scientific research institution characteristic as well as the university and the scientific research institution in region innovation system function is a starting point, has conducted the thorough research to the national natural sciences fund to the region innovation system action mechanism We thought the national natural sciences fund has two aspects to the innovation system influence way: First is the university and the scientific research courtyard is the knowledge creation, the personnel training primary position, the national natural sciences fund through to the university and the scientific research courtyard institute subsidization, causes it through the scientific research realization in the region innovation system official duty function, namely knowledge creation, technological innovation, knowledge dissemination and application; Second, through the knowledge flowing, by in the different scientific research activity way and the system government, the enterprise, the intermediary organization and so on other innovation main body as well as the innovation environment has the interaction, does together uses in innovating the system.In view of the fact that the natural sciences fund promotes the region innovation system condition to carry on the science, the reasonable appraisal realizes the quantitative investigation important link, appraises including two aspects. The paper first from the innovation resources investment, the innovation delivers the effect two aspects to design the region innovation system the innovation achievements appraisal target system, and carries on the appraisal using the AHP law to the region innovation system achievements, in this foundation, utilizes based on cooperates the error correction model which the reorganization discusses to the natural sciences fund investment to promote the region innovation system construction condition to carry on the quality synthetic evaluation, has finished the full preparation for the next step real diagnosis research..Finally, the paper utilization appraisal model to carry on synthesis appraisal on how does countries natural sciences fund promote the region innovation system through Jiangsu, Jiangxi and Yunnan provinces. Then it analysis the real diagnosis findings, and discovers the problem and the insufficiency on the investment of natural sciences fund, then the paper has carried on the thorough analysis on the existent reasons of these problem. Be aimed at the questions from the real diagnosis appraisal as well as the model over seas science fund organization's method and the experience, it has proposed some countermeasure and suggestions on how the natural sciences fund to promote the region innovation system construction: The country natural sciences fund should incline to the mid-west area; To guide enterprises positively carrying out the basic research; to improve the management on country natural sciences fund.
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