Research On MNCs' Accountability

Before the systematic research of the MNCs social accountability, the paper summarizes all the thereories about the MNCs actions and then concludes:The theoretical research about multinational corperations in foreign countries,either the main schools of Hymer's or the schools of Kiyoshi Kojima's,put the important views on the intentions,aims,laws and mechanism of FDI.All these theoretical schools belong to economical-force theory that they view MNCs as economic-man who care only for their economical benefits but not for their accountability and duties as social-man. After the Second World War, MNCs as the main bodies of the world economy have done great devotions to recovering Warbrokens and enforcing world conomy development,but with the recovering of the world economy,MNCs have been showing more and more badeffects through the developing of the world economy and host countries' economy. On the side of protecting workers' rights,they employed child labourers unlawfully, restricted peoples freedoms,humiliated and punished the workers,let the workers live with bad conditions,set not enough safe exits of factories,payed the workers salary lower than the lowest salary standard without any overtimepays lawfully,ensured less among the workers,gave no well-being,enforced the labourers to work with bad working conditons, established no labourer union,restricted the workers with the sexual distinction and record of formal schooling,had no protection to the women workers lawfull holidays,treated the staff coldly without any cares.To the fact that MNCs very much ignored the business moral principles and responsibilities while persuiting the economical benfits,the western countries started the upsurge of MNCs production principles and social accountability campaign.Also,since 80s of 20th century,theritical researchers began to do the research on the MNCs' multi-alms system,the new mission,the new aims and the newly-operating mechanical systems, they thought that the MNCs should bear more social accountabilities and protect their environment except economical benefits.Therefore,the theritical research on the basis of MNCs accountability gradually become active since 90th of 20 century.According to the actual facts in China, the MNCs' global strategy and FDI in China have tremenous effects on Chinese economy with widely investing in China. The theritical researchs on all the sides and levels of MNCs' investing in China, esp.on the facts that MNCs should bear the social accountability while treating the Chinese staff have become hot theritical points, which mark the Chinese economy development and social civilization advacing..It is the objective inevitable trend while setting up the harmonious society and the inevitable trend of the joints between research and practice. Making comprehensive survey of the research achievement on the MNCs accountability in China, one side is that the total amont of theritical reseach is not enough,another is that the theritical important points are all around the outer driving force which is called the enforcement of the international standard to MNCs' accountability and the superficial phenomenon of some western MNCs bearing accountability. The pasitive analysis lays the description research mainly on the individual facts and majority but not on systematic research about MNCs social accountability. It is lack of the systematic research on MNCs social accountability.The research on the business ethics and social accountability and organic joints of them,and the research on the outer and inner force of MNCs social accountability from driving-force system,and the research on the obejects,contains,scope of MNCs social accountability from the three-sides systematic,and the advancing research on the new historical mission,new aims system,newly-operating mechanical system are the central points of the paper which is to set up the new research field of the social-force theory of MNCs social accountability.For the systematic research on the MNCs social accountability, and for the more effective research on the aims system of the MNCs' FDI,driving-force mechanism,and their practice,the paper plays the important points on the system of MNCs accountability and the driving -force system through the analysis on the MNCs production principles campaingn and the contents of SA8000 on the basis of widely reseach on the valuable views and schooling achievements about the theory of MNCs accountability and the business ethics in inner and outer countries,on which the paper will probe into the the new changes of MNCs FDI: the multi-aims,operation socialized,and the systematic introduction of the contents and functions of MNCs society-force theory.At last the paper will put the logical results on multinantional business of China companies and give the them suggestions of the strategy and tactics for newly development.The paper will try to open up and creat the theory depth,width and new ways,which will sort out and analiyze the theory system of MNCs accountability and the new advancement of FDI theory.According to the analysis model of the paper, the research about the theory and utilization of MNCs social accountability will be in full swing as following:The first Chapter is Introduction.It firstly proves the writing basis,theory value and realistic significance of the paper. The chapter sorts out the analysis model and structure arrangement. And it also sums up the theory probe and creation points of the paper.The second Chapter is the definization of social accountability: literature review and explorative research,which systematicly reviews the research achievements about the MNCs social accountability in China and the theories of MNCs social accountability abroard,on which it also sums up and appraises the theories with the combination to my research on MNCs social accountability. The MNCs social accountability system,driving-force and social-force theory will be set up,which is the creative points of the paper. the system of MNCs,accountability,which studies the 3Ws of "Whom,What,Where "of MNCs'accountability.It defines "whom should the MNCs take the accountability for?,What should they take and Where should they take?",which were the questions that had not been answered in the past research on MNCs accountablity.The systematic research in the paper has great sense for the theory and practice of MNCs' accountability,which lays the foundation for the theoretical analysis of social-force theory.The third chapter is the theory basis of social accountability:standard economics and ethics economics.Does the MNCs social accountability belong to sociology or economics?Through the approaching of the economics principes,it is clear that economics research should include the positive economics and the standard economics.The former should answer the question of "What is ?",which has the nature of proof of the" True no Not ".But economics as social science should study the social ethics natures of the rational choice,"what should we do" at the face of the shortage of natural resources for humanbeings,which is the contents to be studied in standard economics.Begining from the cardinal viewpoints,the theory of MNCs accountability should study that the rational persons as economical ones "should" bear more social accountability which is socialperson's accountability while persuiing to the biggest economical profits.Therefore the research on MNCs'accountability should be economies not sociology.Beginning from the cardinal principles of the standard economics and ethics economics,this paper sets forth its position on the natures of enterprises' aims,expounds the moral standards of the business ethics and enterprises actions,and states that abiding by the business is enterprises' accountability.The general research on enterprises' accountability lays foundation for theory of MNCs' accountability.Especially, it sets up the analysis structure of social-force theory.The social-force theory systematicly analyzes the limitations of the traditional theory of the MNCs which is the economic-force theory. From the new starting points, the social-force theory takes the new analysis tools of moral philosophy to analyze the ways how to make up the social force which is the new power to gain the social respects and praise and to coordinate with the society, and the new power to protect the nature and live with it harmoniously,and the inner haomonious power that the MNCs meet the individual needs mostly to cultivate the staff's satisfaction through the humanish management with the new historical missions,new value choice and multi-aims system.The chapter also studies the unanimity between the practice of MNCs social accountability and the the social-force theory.The forth chapter is the driving-force system which answers the question of "why should the MNCs take the accountability". To the MNCs' social accountability,it studies the outer compulsory force,inner initiative force, bindingforce by business morals.The fifth chapter is the global campaign of MNCs' social accountability,which introduces the starts,development and changes of the campaign of MNCs' social accountability,the campaign of production principles,SA8000,and the Global Agreement.It studies the fact that the people's expectation for the MNCs becomes stronger and stronger with the improving of people's mental demands.The role of MNCs as economical ones in the past should change into present social ones.It is the deepening of the global campaign of social accountability that facilitates the new changes of the MNCs.The new theory of the MNCs is to explain them rationally.So the chapter accelerates to set forth the social-force theory of the MNCs in the following chapter.The sixth chapter is analaisis of the present states of MNCs social accountability including the states of MNCs social accountability in advanced countries and in developing countries, which devotes the constructual ideas to the social accountability practice of Chinese MNCs.The seventh chapter is the SA practice and the ways to deal with the situatins of multinational business of Chinese MNCs which is the logical end-result of the paper. It analyzes the present situation and trend of social accountability development in China: the consciousness of social accountability is blunted,the social accountability hasn't been put into the strategy in business practice;the social force by taking social accountability havn't become the driving-force of enterprise development.Fanally it analyzes the ways to deal with the situation:the government should take active in making the laws and rules for the practice of social accountability of Chinese company in multinational business;the importance of social accountability should be gradually enforced in multinational business practice; the Chinese MNCs shoul be active in taking part in establishing the international standards of social accountability and cultivating the social-force of enterprises development by taking accountability which is to be taken as a part of the strategy of sustainable development.