Study On Road Congestion Pricing Revenue Redistribution Model And Simulation

Road congestion pricing strategy is one of the most efficient methods of transportation demand management, which can alleviate the traffic congestion in urban road network, while congestion pricing revenue redistribution has become the key point of whether congestion pricing strategy can be implemented efficiently. The theories and methods of public economic and traffic behavior have been presented to analyze the mechanism of congestion pricing revenue redistribution strategy in order to construct the bi-level planning model. Also the Multi-Agent technology is used to construct the simulation system of congestion pricing revenue redistribution. Finally, the real diagnosis research is conducted in a abstract road network in XingTai of HeBei province as an example. Policy suggestions and corresponding methods of implementation of this strategy are presented. This strategy is proved to be efficient in enhancing the feasibility and validity of road congestion pricing strategy. The implementation of this strategy possesses important theoretical and practicable senses to improve the road congestion condition and enhance the transportation efficiency.First, the nature and definition of congestion pricing revenue redistribution is analyzed according to some theories related to revenue redistribution and non- tax revenue income in public economic, also according to the principle and goal of road congestion pricing; Changing process of welfare of transportation participant under this revenue redistribution is studied by analysis method of supply and demand balance relations in the welfare economic theories; The relation between road congestion pricing and congestion pricing revenue and the effect of congestion pricing revenue redistribution are studied by Laffer Curve and Orens Curve; The Efficiency criterion and fair criterion of congestion pricing revenue redistribution are presented according to the appraisal criterion of social welfare level. Also the mode of congestion pricing revenue redistribution is discussed according to the relation between the two criterions and respective request; Theoretical basis of congestion pricing revenue redistribution models and policy design is constructed by the systematic research of the mechanism of congestion pricing revenue redistribution. On the analysis basis above, the bi-level planning method is presented in order to construct the bi-level planning model of congestion pricing revenue redistribution in transportation system which is composed of transportation plan designer and road user. In order to represent the variability of transportation demand and the randomness of road user's behavior better, the lower level model is described as a Stochastic User Equilibrium(SUE) problem. Furthermore, two lower level models are presented to describe SUE problem, which are suitable to public mass transit system and private transportation system respectively. Standing on the point of transportation managers, concept of consumer surplus is presented to construct the upper level model which aims to maximize the pure benefit of road network under the strategy of congestion pricing revenue redistribution, further, the simulation and evolution algorithm is designed to solve the bi-level model.In order to analyze the complex transportation system under the congestion pricing revenue redistribution strategy dynamically and appraise the policy effect, the Multi-Agent technology which is suitable to describe the complexity of real world is conducted to simulate the implementation process of this policy. The simulation process and framework are constructed. Concrete function, duty and code structure of the essential modules are presented. These modules are: module of transportation network definition and global variables definition, module of traveler Agent production, module of strategy level behavior and tactic level behavior and the module of simulation process controlling and monitoring.Finally, a case study in XingTai of HeBei province is conducted to analyze the Congestion Pricing Revenue Redistribution strategy by the models and methods constructed above. According to the practical traffic volume distribution in the abstract road network in XingTai, congestion pricing region is formulated. By solution of the models above, congestion pricing level, mass transit pricing level, frequency of embarks in mass transit and road increasing capacity of roads are computed in the defined congestion pricing region. Also, simulations under the three different conditions of non-congestion pricing, congestion pricing and congestion pricing revenue redistribution are conducted and the simulation results are used to analyze the difference outputs under the three congestion pricing strategies. On the analysis basis of simulation results and according to the practical situation in XingTai, implementation suggestions and corresponding measures are presented. The results indicate that the theories, models and suggestions of congestion pricing revenue redistribution can meet the demand of transportation management in XingTai, also can be introduced to other cities.