Multi-Agent Simulation-Based Urban Road Traffic Congestion Pricing Policy Research

The contradiction between city traffic and city resource, environment, society development is much more serious along with the development of our economical development. The operation efficiency of big city was influenced by the traffic congestion problem badly. Traffic congestion problem has become a universal city problem. Traffic congestion pricing policy is a manage means to resolve the imbalance of the supply and demand, and an effective way to reduce urban traffic congestion.At present, the feasibility study and influence study of traffic congestion pricing is concerned roundly. Much achievement has been gained in these studies. Congestion pricing study has been carried into practices in some countries. However, it is difficult to express exactly by conventional method because of the complexity of traffic congestion pricing problem. In order to grasp the effect of congestion pricing to the congestion road or the congestion area beforehand, and concerned the characteristic of traffic system, and the congestion pricing trait which is difficult to carry out in local, the multi-agent technology was applied into congestion pricing study in this paper. The congestion pricing effect can be analyzed perfectly by multi-agent technology. Thus, the study is theoretics significance and practice value for the congestion pricing problem.Agent simulation models were designed in this paper through the analysis of the influence of congestion pricing theory and the study of Multi-agent technology, such as route choice model, vehicle produce model and vehicle behavior model. Make use of the ascendancies of Multi-agent in microcosmic simulation, the basic behavior and movement rule of traffic agent was achieved by the software. It became more easily to study the urban road traffic congestion problem by the simulation analysis. It can express the change process of vehicle movement estate, the road congestion estate and the change of traffic flow estate simply through the simulation.The process of simulation is composed of two parts: simulation process before implement the traffic congestion pricing and simulation process after implement the traffic congestion pricing. There are three key factors in the analysis of road user behavior: travel time saving, the cost of travel and the velocity of vehicles. Analysis the impact of traffic congestion pricing, and make the level of service and optimal utility in the network as the evaluate index. The optimal pricing will be find when achieve the path optimal estate in the network and optimal network utility. It is useful to the feasibility study of traffic congestion pricing. And the study of congestion pricing impact has practical significance to city traffic.