Productivity Research And Analysis Of Chinese Logistics Enterprises

In the recent years,with the great development of Chinese economic,modern logistics industry become more and more important in social and economic development.With the supports of relational ministries,logistics industry has taken a remarkable development in our country,the ratio of social logistics costs to GDP has dropped gradually,at the same time,logistics enterprises in our country has also participated in the international market to compete with the international advanced logistics enterprises . Although it has taken a great progress , non-contrastive productivity is the main factor and bottleneck to interfere with the development of logistics industry and enterprises.For analyze the development status quo of Chinese logistics enterprises productivity and the main factors which effect on them,we start from the theory of productivity,and utilize data envelopment analysis(DEA) to analyze the status quo of their productivity,and utilize Tobit model to analyze the main factors.Mainly focus on:①From the theory of productivity and service industry productivity,it discussed the forming mechanism of productivity of logistics company,which provided theory basis for measuring productivity of logistics company.②Build up the evaluating model of logistics companies productivity,and evaluated the productivities of Chinese logistics companies from year 2001 to 2007 from latitude and longitude respectively by this model,the results indicated that the productivities of them have obvious individual differences,and lack of an effective competitive mechanism in the logistics market.Whilst,productivities of them from year 2001 to 2007 are analyzed comparably by use of DEA Windows Analysis comprehensively,the results indicated the productivity of port operational enterprises is higher than transport and warehouse enterprises.Thereinto,transport and warehouse enterprises maintained an annual productivity of 30%,and its average productivity is 30.52%,whilst port operational enterprises maintain an annual productivity of 47%,and its average productivity is 47.02%,which is higher than the productivity of transport and warehouse enterprises.However,the average productivity of the overall sample is 38.77%.Else,it analyzed the stability of values of productivities,the results shown it has a high stability under the situation of this variables. ③From the point of measuring theory of service industry productivity,development trends of productivities of Chinese logistics enterprises from year 2001 to 2007 are analyzed by the use of Malmquist productivity change index.Results shown the development trends of transport and warehouse enterprises are better than that of port operational enterprises.Thereinto,the total factors productivity of transport and warehouse enterprises increased in 2.7%,but that of port operational enterprises is negative compared with transport and warehouse enterprises,their total factors productivity decreased in 1.2%.Overall,the development of Chinese logistics enterprises productivity is positive from year 2001 to 2007,the comprehensive productivity increased in 0.4%.Else,the slacks of variables are analyzed by use of DEA Slacks model and the result shown port operational enterprises have larger slacks of fixed assets and employee wages and less slacks of operational cost compare with transport and warehouse enterprises,while the slacks of outpu(tprofits before taxes) is smaller than that of inputs.④The factors affecting productivities of logistics enterprises of our country are analyzed quantitatively by the use of Tobit model.It concluded that world economy and trade,domestic economy and trade,manpower structure of professional,and management efficiency are positive factors which can promote the development of productivity.However,Domestic trade,the ownership of enterprise,growth rate of fixed asset and per capita assets have no significant impact on productivity.On the other hand,the extent of effort and encourage of employee has no significant impact on productivity of total sample,and that of transport and warehouse enterprises,but it could promote the development of productivity of port operational enterprises.Else,liability has a significant negative effects on productivities of total samples,and that of transport and warehouse enterprises,however,it could promote the development of productivity of port operational enterprises in some extent.Finally,the incentive degree of Manages can promote the development of productivities of total samples and port operational enterprises,but it has a negative influence on that of transport and warehouse enterprises.⑤It analyzed the relativity between scale,employee wages and operational cost and technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of Chinese logistics enterprises respectively,and also analyzed the relativity between technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency respectively.The results indicated the large-scale logistics enterprise have no any advantage than that of medium and small logistics enterprises in the productivity,and the productivity has no significant relationship with scale.At the same time,there is no significant differences of scale efficiency among them.Else,Lorenzn curve and Gini coefficient are used to analyze the distribution of productive resources of Chinese logistics enterprises and the balance between the distribution of productive resources and development of productivity.The results shown that there is a serious imbalance in the resource distribution of them,the Gini coefficient of technical efficiency is 0.1293,that of pure technical efficiency is 0.0868,and that of scale efficiency is 0.0772,however,that of fixed assets reached 0.7705.Some suggestions and measures are proposed to promote the productivity of Chinese logistics enterprises in the process of this study.