Research On Incentive Mechanism Of Knowledge Sharing Within Enterprise Under Uncooperative Game

With the advent of knowledge economy era, knowledge has become the core competitive element that drives enterprise continuable development instead of land and labour in agriculture era and capital and equipment in industry era. Knowledge sharing (KS) can make organizational knowledge freely flow in definite range and save the cost of knowledge acquisition to enhance knowledge productivity and benefit for knowledge application and innovation. Knowledge sharing becomes the basis of creating sustainable competitive advantages for enterprises. The real power of enterprise is not derived from knowledge, but from knowledge sharing. However, knowledge sharing will not automatically come true, the key to solve knowledge sharing problem is to establish a harmonious atmosphere for knowledge sharing and effective incentive mechanism. In recent years, there have been many research fruits on knowledge sharing incentive mechanism field, but existing researches are not enough systematic and in-depth, lack of basic understanding and consideration to employee'rational, tacit degree of knowledge and game relationship between knowledge shaing game players. The researches can not meet the needs of management practice because of lack of qualitative and quantitative study on depth. Therefore, it is an important theoretical and practical significance to research incentive mechanism of knowledge sharing within enterprise under uncooperative game (UG).The basic idea of this article is that thinking incentive theory and game theory as the theoretical basis, considering fully employee'rational, tacit degree of knowledge and game relationship between knowledge shaing game players and according to the process and characters of knowledge sharing within enterprise. In knowledge sharing process, when employees and enterprise share knowledge, staff is complete rational (CR), when employees share knowledge, staff is bounded rational (BR). It's synodical with the features of knowledge sharing within enterprise that this kind of thought combines with the basic principles of incentive theory and game theory to research the incentive mechanism of knowledge sharing within enterprise under uncooperative game.Firstly, beginning to define the correlative conceptions of knowledge sharing and incentive mechanism, this article analyzes the reasons for the uncooperative game relationship in knowledge sharing and the characteristics of knowledge sharing, studies composing integrants and dimensionality of knowledge sharing, and constructs the two-dimension space of knowledge sharing within enterprise. On this basis, we analyze economical nature and incentive modes of knowledge sharing incentive mechanism, design macro-frame of knowledge sharing incentive mechanism within enterprise. It provides the academic foundation for the construction of incentive mechanism models of explicit knowledge sharing and tacit knowledge sharing within enterprise and theory system under uncooperative game.In the explicit knowledge sharing incentive mechanism model within enterprise under uncooperative game, employees'rational is divided into two kinds of complete rational and bounded rational in knowledge sharing process. When employees and enterprise share knowledge, staff is complete rational, when employees share knowledge, staff is bounded rational. We can design incentive mechanism of explicit knowledge sharing based on incentive theory and mechanism design theory because explicit knowledge shaing process can be contracted. According to this idea and the basic principles of principal-agent model, we propose explicit knowledge sharing incentive mechanism model under complete rational considering game players'information structure. We creat explicit knowledge sharing incentive mechanism model under bounded rational based on the basic principles of evolution game theory. Then we solve the optimal incentive mechanisms or stable equilibrium points of two incentive models, and analyze the influence of various parameters on knowledge sharing incentive mechanism and the evolution trend of knowledge sharing system.In the tacit knowledge sharing incentive mechanism model within enterprise under uncooperative game, it is very difficult to share tacit knowledge because tacit knowledge is not encoded knowledge, but tacit knowledge sharing is also achievable through appropriate management incentive mechanism. We analyze the significance and incentive puzzledom of tacit knowledge sharing, constitute the design principles of tacit knowledge shaing incentive mechanism, and adopt four design projects of conversion and separation, changes in performance, compensation cooperation income and high-energy incentive. On this basis, we put forward tacit knowledge sharing incentive mechanism model within enterprise according to the features of design projects, then focus on analysis of the conversion methods from tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge and free-rider phenomenon in knowledge shaing.Finally, we apply the relevant models and methods proposed in this article to constitute knowledge sharing incentive mechanism within Heilongjiang Electric Power Research Institute (HEPRI), Harbin Aricraft Industry Group Co. Ltd. and Harbin Hafei Automobile Industry Group Co. Ltd. three enterprises. Mainly in HEPRI as an example, by selecting the relevant data, we establish explicit knowledge sharing incentive mechanism wirhin HEPRI through applying explicit knowledge sharing incentive model and solving the optimal incentive mechanism or stable equilibrium point, then constitute tacit knowledge sharing incentive mechanism within HEPRI through applying tacit knowledge sharing incentive model and solve free-rider phenomenon in knowledge shaing. Through implementation performance evaluation of knowledge sharing incentive mechanism within the above mentioned three enterprises, the knowledge sharing incentive mechanism models proposed in the article are testified scientific and feasibile.During the research of this paper, we try to take advantage of the existed outcomes, thoroughly extract the rational elements of knowledge sharing theory, incentive theory and game theory. This paper has brought forward the new theoretical framework and approach of knowledge sharing incentive mechanism within enterprise under uncooperative game, and created incentive mechanism models of explicit knowledge sharing and tacit knowledge sharing within enterprise. It makes the paper innovative and instructive both in theory and in practice.