Study On Technological Innovation Path And Policies Of Agricultural Bio-Industry In China

With the series of breakthroughs in molecular biology, particularly in genetically modified technology and Cloning technology, agricultural biotechnology is not only becoming the one of the fields which are most widely used, most of commercial prospects and most competitive, but also playing a key role in settling the resources and environment issues which all of the countries are facing to with economic development. As a result, countries of the World have carried out a series of technological innovation in order to be a lead of agricultural biotechnology and industry. The Chinese government also attaches great importance to technological innovation of agricultural bio-industry. However, it is an important subject China facing to that which way we should select to achieve technological innovation and how to achieve this way. Therefore, the paper explores technological innovation path of agricultural bio-industry and corresponding support based on China's national conditions, which is of great significance.In this paper, issues of China's innovation path of agricultural bio-industry and relevant policies have been systematically and deeply studied. First of all, basing on expounding the theory of technological innovation and industrial technological innovation, the paper comprehensively analyzes the present situation of technological innovation of agricultural bio-industry in China, and makes China's ability an objective evaluation after constructing evaluation model of bio-industry technological innovation capability. Then, the paper studies technological innovative way of agricultural bio-industry and models to achieve it in typical foreign countries. And then, on the basis of these, the paper discusses China's innovative path of agricultural bio-industry from two aspects, that is innovative ways and models. At last, using the theory as the guide and reality as the basis, the paper researches technological innovation system and innovation policies to promote China's agricultural bio-industry. This paper consists of eight chapters, the main contents and conclusions as follows.The first chapter is the introduction, which is a bird view of the whole dissertation. Firstly, this chapter explains research background, the goals and research significance. Secondly, it is the literature review. Apart from the explanation to the relevant theory, it focuses on the commentary on the trends of studies on the relevant fields from home and abroad. Thirdly, it details the layout of the dissertation, including research ideas, structural framework, technical route, research methods. Finally, it summarizes review of this dissertation, including possible innovations based on the predecessors' efforts and those shortcomings exist in the dissertation.The second chapter provides China's overall impressions on technological innovation of agricultural bio-industry, namely, to discuss the achievements, the status quo and capacity, which provides a reality-base and logical starting point for the entire research. First of all, it defines the concept of agricultural bio-industry and elaborates its innovative characteristics. After that, it summarizes achievements in the field of agricultural biotechnology, bio-industry and relevant human capital for last 20 years. On this basis, in view of full process of industrial technology innovation, this chapter goes a deep analysis about China's innovation status quo of agricultural bio-industry from the perspective of allocation of resources, technology R&D, technical transformation and industrial development. At last, this chapter focuses on empirical analysis of china's capability after constructing evaluation model of bio-industry technological innovation capability. The conclusions of the chapter believes that although china situates the first same rank as United States in agricultural bio-industrial innovation capacity, there is still a gap about 18%, which are caused from low investment, the lack of research results, low labor productivity and low level of industrialization.The third chapter studies the technological innovation path of agricultural bio-industry in typical foreign countries aimed at acquiring experience and reference for China. This chapter visits United States, the European Union and the typical developing countries from the perspective of innovation history, innovation ways and models to achieve ways of agricultural bio-industry. Through study, this chapter founds that despite their different circumstances, these countries actively participate in international competition by means of independent innovation. The United States accomplishes independent innovation through multi-models such as enterprise innovation, collaborative innovation and establishment of transnational corporation due to its strong economic strength. In view of strict bio-safety management system, the EU chooses both enterprise innovation and establishment of transnational corporation models to achieve independent innovation. Whereas, owing to weak strength of enterprises, developing countries commonly select models of collaborative innovation and international cooperation to enhance their capability of independent innovation.The fourth chapter looks out china's technological innovation ways of agricultural bio-industry. At first, basing on classification of industrial technology innovation ways, this chapter compares independent innovation with imitate innovation. Then, by carrying out theoretical game analysis from technological diffusion, technology non-diffusion and industrial strength aspects and so on, the chapter draws the general conclusions. And then, the chapter makes the empirical game analysis on china's technological innovation ways of agricultural bio-industry from the perspective of industrial strength, innovative environment, product life cycle and so forth. Through theoretical and empirical game analysis, the chapter concludes that independent innovation is the best choice. At last, it further verifies that the way of independent innovation is correct from the situation in the world, China's national conditions and industrial development and so on.The fifth chapter seeks china's models to achieve independent innovation of agricultural bio-industry. Basing on definition and classification of industrial technology innovation models, this chapter arrives at the china's general model by means of dual optimal model. And according to China's national conditions and learning from foreign experience, it frames China's own specific models. The conclusion of this chapter is that the general model to achieve China's ways of independent innovation is the effective combination of original innovation and integrated innovation. In the course of the original innovation, China should choose some specific models such as experts setting up enterprises, establishing common institutions and strategic technology alliance. In the process of integrated innovation, China should try international cooperation in R&D, ability to transplant model and technology cross-licensing model. Of course, the choice of specific models is not fixed. Different innovation subjects should select appropriate models according to their own circumstances.The sixth chapter empirically analyzes technological innovation models of China's agricultural bio-industry. Through typical investigation to agricultural biotechnology companies, this chapter makes a survey of their models to achieve technological innovation, operation and practical effects, and summarizes experiences on selection and application of innovation models.The seventh chapter frames China's independent innovation system of agricultural bio-industry to guarantee the realization of the road of independent innovation. Basing on reviewing system failure and policy failures in the process of china's technological innovation of agricultural bio-industry, this chapter using the theory of the National System of Innovation and Industrial System of Innovation as its theory framework, and combining with the knowledge domain and technology regime of agricultural bio-industry, constructs an overall independent innovation system, named "one subject, more wings, double force". After that, according to the function of innovative elements, the chapter frames the four sub-systems, including knowledge and technological innovation system, knowledge dissemination system, security system and innovative services system. The eighth chapter offers the policies to promote China's technological innovation of agricultural bio-industry from the institutional level. First of all, this chapter theoretically analyzes necessity and mechanism of innovation policy of agricultural bio-industry. After Studying the policies of typical foreign countries, the chapter Comparing China with foreign countries in innovation policies of agricultural bio-industry, founds that there is a certain gap in organization and management, government investment, financing, laws, tax incentives, personnel training and SME innovation policies and so on. Therefore, the chapter probes into China's policy mechanism of agricultural bio- industry innovation, and makes corresponding measures and suggestions.