A Study On The Optimization Of Technological Innovation Path Of China's Equipment Manufacturing Industry

Many theoretical and empirical research findings have revealed that technology is a key element in determining productivity and national competitiveness. As a strategic industry providing technical equipments for other industries of national economy, the importance of Equipment Manufacturing Industry for national competitiveness has been widely recognized while the competitiveness escalation of Equipment Manufacturing Industry is largely determined by its technological innovation capability. A distinctive feature of china's Equipment Manufacturing Industry is "large but not powerful" compared with advanced Equipment Manufacturing Industry. At present, heavy industry in our country is getting into the accelerated development period, new-type industrialization and transformation of economic growth pattern need a large amount of advanced technical equipment to be supported. Thus the technological innovation capability escalation for Equipment Manufacturing Industry is of great urgency. This paper analyzed the technological innovation path and performance of china's Equipment Manufacturing Industry and did a systematic study on how to optimize the path of technological innovation. The purpose of this study is to push theoretical and practical research to promote the technological innovation capability of china's Equipment Manufacturing Industry.The main content of this paper is summarized in following:The first chapter is introduction. I expound the background and meaning of this study. Then I do a literature review, and introduce the structure, method and innovation of this paper.The second chapter analyzed the optimal technological innovation path on condition that the technology is lagging behind. In the first technological innovation and its realization path is explained. Because the organization of enterprise and industry determines the technological envirment of the indusry and firm's competitive strategy, thereby it determines firm's strategic emphasis and mode of technological innovation, and it finally determines the performance of technological innovation. Therefore this paper defines technological innovation path as the entire process in which industrial organizational innovation influences firm's competitive strategy and thereby influnces mode of technological innovation and finally determines the performance of technological innovation. Then I make an analysis on different viewpoint about technological innovation path and draw a conclusion that exploiting international technology diffusion and self R&D are all of nonnegligible importance. Based on the foregoing analysis, I analyzed the complementarity between exploiting international technology diffusion and self R&D as well as the endogeneity of R&D comparative advantage using economic theory and empirical evidences, consequently the essential feature of optimal technological innovation path is put forward. It includes:①the modes of technological innovation shoud mainly take the form of middle to high-level digestive absorption innovation and integrative innovation to synergize external technology resources and internal R&D;②the allocation of technological innovation resouces should manifest high R&D intensity and high level digestive absorption investment;③exploiting international technology diffusion and self R&D should mutually support and promote;④the technological progress should have a tendency of convergence to the technological level of world advanced Equipment Manufacturing Industry.The third chapter analyzed the technological innovation path and its performance of china's Equipment Manufacturing Industry. In the first, I expound and analyzed the evolvement process and essential features of the technological innovation path of china's Equipment Manufacturing Industry. Compared with Japan and South Koreathe distinguished feature of the technological innovation path of china's Equipment Manufacturing Industry is that self R&D and digestive absorption innovation are both severely undercapitalized and the emphasis is put on copying foreign manufacturing capacity at a low level. Then I make an empirical analysis on the performance of the technological innovation path of china's Equipment Manufacturing Industry using panal data econometric model. The result of the econometric analysis revealed that the capability of middle to high-level digestive absorption innovation and integrative innovation is of significant deficiency and failed to realize mutual promotion between exploiting international technology diffusion and self R&D. Next the disparity between China's Equipment Manufacturing Industry and world advanced level is analyzed from qualitative and quantitative aspects. The result is that although the scale gap between China's Equipment Manufacturing Industry and world advanced level is significantly reduced, but the per capita productivity and Total Factor Productivity is far behind the world advanced level and the gap did not become narrower. The situation of technological lagging behind of China's Equipment Manufacturing Industry has not been improved. The conclusion of this chapter is that because the technological innovation mode of china's Equipment Manufacturing Industry deviated from the optimal path, thereby it is unable to generate mutual promotion between exploiting international technology diffusion and self R&D, consequently it resulted in poor technological progress effect and the unnarrowed technological gap.In chapter four, I analyzed the constraints which cause the deviation of the technological innovation path of china's Equipment Manufacturing Industry from the optimal path. Firstly I theretically analyzed the causes of self R&D shortage of china's Equipment Manufacturing Industry, next the econometrical analysis is made by a pool data model. The conclusion is that high externality and high-risk, enterprise scale, corporate governance, human capital strcture, and industrial technological environment are key factors influencing firm's self R&D motive. Finally the fundamental direction for optimization is put forward based on the forgoing analysis. It included:①to facilitate escalation of industrial concentration and firm scale thereby to promote investment capabiity and profitability of technological innovation;②to optimize firm organization at micro level thereby to enable firm to shift its strategy from pursuing short term economic interest to sustainable competitive advantage creation and also to realize effective combination between firm resources inheritance and technological innovation;③to establish industrial technological innovation network system thereby to integrate technological resources and promote specialization and cooperation of technological innovation and consequently to realize the great scale economy effect of knowledge production.In chapter five, I studied the endogenous synergetic escalation mechanism of industrial concentration and R&D intensity. The escalation of industrial concentration and R&D intensity is of essential importance to technological innovation path optimization. I creatively studied the endogenous escalation mechanism of china's Equipment Manufacturing Industry. Firstly I use Sutton's endogenous escaltion theory to expound the endogenous escalation mechanism of of industrial concentration and R&D intensity. Next the escalation process of the Equipment Manufacturing Industry of industrialized countries is analyzed. Finally I studied the concentration level and market opportunity for China's Equipment Manufacturing Industry, and made an improvement on the classical escalation theory to put forward the boosting measures for the escalation of China's Equipment Manufacturing Industry according to its technological lagging situation.In chapter six, I have done a study on how to build the dualistic technological innovation network of China's Equipment Manufacturing Industry. System complexity of Equipment Manufacturing Industry makes it impossible for one organization to possess all needed resources for technological innovation. To build technological innovation network is of vital importance to the integration of technological innovation resources and thereby to the technological innovation path optimization. This chapter firstly analyzed the basic connotation of R&D network as well as the formation condition, formation process and governance mechanism of R&D network. Next normative analysis and case analysis were made to study the key effect of dualistic network on technological innovation capability promotion as well as the structure and mechanism of dualistic network. Finally I studied how to build dualistic technological innovation network for China's Equipment Manufacturing Industry and designed the program to build a compound type dualistic technological innovation network.In chapter seven, I studied how to optimize the firm organizational structure of China's Equipment Manufacturing Industry. Since enterprises are technological innovation subjects, their organizational structure optimization is an essential condition for technological innovation path optimization. This chapter firstly analyzed the mechanism by which corporate governance influences industrial escalation as well as the corporate governance bottle-neck of industrial escalation in Equipment Manufacturing Industry, and also the improvement measures are put forward accordingly. Next, based on resource-based theory and dynamic capability theory, I creatively put forward a new technological innovation pattern—inheritence innovation which effectively inherit and exploit firm resources. I demonstrated that inheritence innovation is the optimal choice to realize mutual synergy between resource accumulation, exploitation and competitive advantage creation, and then the organizational design was given for the management of inheritence innovation according to empirical evidence.In chapter eight, the conclusion and enlightenment of this paper was raised, including:the optimal technological innovation path shoud realize mutual promotion between international technological diffusion and self R&D; the deviation of the technological innovation path of China's Equipment Manufacturing Industry from optimal path has resulted in poor technological progress effect; the essence of the optimization of technological innovation path is just the optimization of industrial organization; effective policy support is of vital importance for the escalation of China's Equipment Manufacturing Industry.