Research On The Effect Analysis And Optimization Path Of Preferential Tax Policies For Technological Innovation Of Small And Medium-sized Enterprises

In the past 40 years,China’s economy has taken off like a dragon.In 2020,China’s GDP exceeded 100 trillion,becoming the second largest economy in the world,in which small and medium-sized enterprises play an important role.On the one hand,many small and medium-sized enterprises in China have made great contributions to China’s economy;on the other hand,SMEs have a huge role in stabilizing employment,Maintain social harmony and stability and promote scientific and technological innovation.Small and medium-sized enterprises are the main body of scientific and technological innovation.The 14 th five year plan proposes to stimulate the enthusiasm of scientific and technological innovation of small and medium-sized enterprises,encourage them to increase R & D investment and enhance their independent innovation ability.At present,SMEs face difficulties in financing,poor anti-risk ability and the problem of squeezed survival space,and because of the externalities of products and high technology content,SMEs are likely to see spillover in technological innovation.Tax preference is one of the most practical tools to stimulate technological innovation.In recent years,it has been widely used by governments all over the world.China is also increasing tax preference and modifying and improving tax policies.In this context,it is particularly important to study the policy effect and optimization path of tax preference for small and medium-sized enterprises.This thesis uses a combination of theoretical and empirical analysis to explore and improve the tax preferential policies that can better help enterprises’ technological innovation.We review the relevant studies on tax preferential policies and technological innovation by domestic and foreign scholars,understand the current situation of domestic and foreign scholars’ research and analyze the characteristics of technological innovation activities of SMEs,as well as the mechanism of the effect of tax preferential policies on technological innovation of SMEs,and sort out China’s tax preferential policies on this basis,and find that China’s tax policies lack preferential policies specifically for technological innovation of SMEs,preferential There are fewer tax types,fewer tax incentives in the upstream of technological innovation and a lower proportion of indirect incentives.The 155 listed SMEs listed on GEM from Guotaian database are selected as sample enterprises,and regression analysis is conducted on the data of 155 sample enterprises for 5 years from 2016 to 2020 to,on the one hand,verify the different effects of different tax incentives on the technological innovation incentive effects of sample enterprises;on the other hand,test whether R&D investment has a mediating role in the process of income tax tax incentives to stimulate R&D output of SMEs.On the other hand,we test whether there is a mediating role of R&D input in the process of income tax incentives to stimulate R&D output of SMEs.It is found that: firstly,the preferential income tax rate motivates SMEs to increase innovation input,but the incentive effect of turnover tax rate on innovation input is not obvious,This may be related to the fact that the technological innovation policy of small and medium-sized enterprises in China is mainly income tax oriented;secondly,R&D input does have a mediating role in the process of income tax preferential incentive for R&D output.In order to solve the problems summarized by theory and empirical evidence,this thesis puts forward relevant suggestions on the basis of the more successful tax policies implemented abroad.