The Comprehenrive Safety Assessment And Early-Warning Emergency System For The Oil Port Storage And Tansportation

With the rapid developing of Chinese economy and improving quality of lives, need and import for petroleum has become the largest and fastest-growing source of energy. At present, our country's oil import is mainly completed by sea. The advantages of the transportation of oil by sea are characterized by the large transportation capacity, the decrease in the turn-over time, the less loss of goods, economic returns, conspicuous social benefits and other notable features. But there are also many great hidden dangers. Because petroleum can cause burning, corrosion, toxicity and pollution, and the large amount in the petroleum transportation, in the process of transportation any accidents in the system would arouse fire, explosion, leaking, and other serious accidents which may result in the destruction of ship, the lost of life and the pollution of earth, atmosphere, water. Therefore, based on the status of our country's oil port storage and transportation and by a comprehensive identification of the danger, construction the model of safety assessment and early warning system is of great significance.On the base of long-term research of a large petrochemical enterprise security management and security situation which is located in the Yangtze River in Nanjing, the article initially completes risk assessment of oil storage and transportation process and constructs early-warning & emergency rescue system. The research mainly includes:(1)The paper summarizes the organizational procedures and technical procedures of hazard identification, excavates and analyzes risk factors existing in oil storage and transportation according to China Risk Factor Classification, put forward hazard identification model based on partition and major types of accidents combined with practical research and routine marine monitoring, and use a variety of identification methods to comprehensively, systematic identify hazards;(2)By using Hierarchy Theory, oil storage and transportation system is divided into three sections, that is oil tanker berthing operational process, oil bulk and human reliability, and adopts comprehensive risk evaluation based on'three-dimensional perspective' to determine the overall security situation for the system; (3)The paper constructs early-warning model for oil storage and transportation mainly involved early-warning indicators, risk rating matrix model, accidents deduction technique and accident consequence assessment model;(4)By reviewing problems existing in emergency rescue management system and management mechanism status, the paper proposes the basic principles of oil port Emergency Rescue System aiming at the characteristics, hazardous areas, and practical examples of oil storage and transportation accidents, and puts forward oil storage and transportation emergency rescue system framework based on the relevant state laws and regulations, the Government contingency plans, business emergency rescue experience which is further elaborated by oil spill accidents;(5)The paper bring forward the concept of emergency rescue capabilities, affirm theoretical and practical value of oil port emergency rescue capabilities assessment, and build capacity assessment model by using the theory of Delphi, selection and screening of evaluation index system and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model based on sequence analysis which is also involved assessment structure, the selection of methods.