| Since the reform and opening-up, China's regional economic pattern has experienced a great development, and regional economic disparity has become one of the central issues of economic and social life. Enhancing the level of economic development in ethnic regions, advancing the improvement of ethnic groups'living standard, narrowing the economic disparities between ethnic regions and the eastern and central areas, as well as solving and alleviating the national and social issues in ethnic regions are one of the most important content to establish a harmonious society of socialism at present. Because of the influential factors such as geography, nature and history, there is still a big gap of economic development level between Ningxia and the eastern and central areas. Thus, how to continuously narrow the gap between Ningxia and advanced regions is still the biggest problem for Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region during its development. Practices in China and foreign countries have shown that the industrial cluster is the rational choice for region estate's continuous development. As a new model of local economic development, the industrial cluster is not merely the main source of competitive advantage for developed countries and regions, but more likely to be the effective strategic tool for underdeveloped regions to accomplish leap-forward development and to surpass developed countries and regions. Distinctive industrial cluster is one that is carried by specific areas, based on special resources, centered on distinctive products, rely on distinctive industries, can make resources factors, markets and relative sectors connect to each other, and can make region advantages expanded further and achieve core competitive edge. Currently, superior distinctive industrial clusters of some developed countries are highly developed, and the industrial clusters in our coastal cities are quite active, which shows strong market competitiveness. Compared to northern area, Ningxia is comparatively weak as it still has a big gap in finance, skills and developing scale. However, it has a strong competitive advantage in distinctive industries. In recent years, Ningxia has made best of its resource advantages. Under the active drive of the government policy, it insists on regarding cultivating and expanding the distinctive superior industries and development distinctive industrial areas as the important means to change the pattern of economic growth. Ningxia depends on resource advantages and the existing basis to promote regulating the structure, and thus has formed a batch of distinctive superior industrial cluster. There are three leading industrial clusters:the energy and chemical engineering industrial cluster, the coal chemical industrial cluster, and the special agricultural products processing industrial cluster. The other three potentially leading industrial clusters, including the new materials industrial cluster, the equipment manufacturing industrial cluster, and the high and new technology industrial cluster, play a relatively important role in the development of the local economy. Therefore, the development of industries with the characteristics of Ningxia will definitely be one of the important ways to increase the local industrial competitiveness, eliminate the disadvantages and narrow the gap between Ningxia and the eastern and central parts of China, and promote the great-leap-forward development of Ningxia economy. The study of the development of Ningxia industrial cluster can enrich the theory of industrial cluster with the features of our nation. Full awareness of and correctly grasp the laws of development of the industrial cluster in ethnic minority areas, will play an important and guiding role for our ethnic minority areas in developing their local industrial cluster and increasing their industrial competitiveness.This thesis studies the Ningxia industrial cluster with the method of survey and system analysis, etc. The thesis makes the judgment of the development of the industrial cluster with the characteristics of Ningxia through quantitative and qualitative analysis, that is, the industrial cluster with the characteristics of Ningxia is at the initial stage, but is developing fast into the growth stage due to the positive environment. Although lacking the classic competitive industrial cluster in eastern areas, Ningxia, based on its different cluster context, has formed some industrial cluster with the their own features, through the support and guidance from the Ningxia government and the jointly promoting of the government and the folk. Specifically speaking, the industrial cluster can be divided into four kinds in terms of the patterns of formation of the industrial cluster with the characteristics of Ningxia:the resource-steering industrial cluster, the government-steering one, the tap enterprises-steering one, and the industrial cluster based on the local culture, history and customs. These kinds of the industrial cluster boast the features that most of the enterprises in the industrial cluster, which is led by large enterprises in small amount, are small and medium-sized ones. Based on it, the thesis analyzes the main problems existing among the industrial cluster with the characteristics of Ningxia. First, the whole competitiveness of the industrial cluster is not strong enough, which manifest in following aspects:the outstanding dependence on resource, the inadequacy of deep processing, the small size of the enterprises, the low concentrative degree, the low degree of specialization and cooperation, and so forth. Second, the ecological environment is fragile and it undertakes great pressure; third, the regional independent innovation ability is feeble and lacks original innovation, which is manifested in vulnerable of scientific research basis, deadly lacking of talents of technical skills; forth, the government service function is not qualified enough; fifth, the capital system of modern society is not completely formed. In different regions and industrial clusters, key driving factors that influence the development of the industrial cluster are different. Through comprehensively analyzing several factors, the author of this thesis thinks that factors like resource, division of labor, professional market, national culture, social capital, local government, innovation and learning are all driving factors of Ningxia industrial cluster development. Dynamic mechanism is the core issue of the industrial cluster development. Thus, understanding it and its function and rules can help us master the development logic and evolution path of the industrial cluster. Moreover, a perfect dynamic mechanism can ensure the continuous and healthy development of the industrial cluster. Based on the above analysis, this thesis constructs the model of the dynamic mechanism of the industrial cluster development with the characteristics of Ningxia. In this model, these dynamic factors together form the dynamic mechanism of the net system of Ningxia industrial cluster through interaction and feedback. To settle the problems existing in the development of Ningxia distinctive industrial cluster, I put forward some relative corresponding policy advices:increasing the competitiveness is the core of the development of Ningxia industrial cluster; developing the cyclic economy is the requirement of Ningxia industrial cluster; strengthening the cultivation of the innovation ability is the motive force and source of Ningxia industrial cluster; promoting the construction of social net is the supported condition of Ningxia industrial cluster; maximizing the government function is the guarantee of Ningxia industrial cluster.
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