Social Capital And The Development Of Chinese Private Enterprises

In the middle of the 90's in last century, the researchers had been starting to apply the social capital theory to society study. The concept of "Enterprise Social Capital", coming from "Social Capital", became one of the new aspects in studying enterprise development.Based on a private company called Jinzhengda which is in the progress of modernization, the article discussed the growth mechanism of the private firms, and studied the relationship between private corporation development and special field system, culture environment. In the way of interviewing and literature reference, cutting-in from social capital, integrating theory and methods of economics,administration, and sociology, the article also studied the effect of the exertion and accumulation of the social capital under the special envieronment on the operating efficiency of the corporation, and further perspected the growth rule of the private firms. The study of the mechenism and process of the private firms, plus the sketching over their current situation, will not only provide the reference to the government policy makers, but also contribute to the healthy and fast development of the private firms.It is discovered that the developmengt of the private frims substantially lies on the nation's system orientation.The market resources allocation, this intangible hand, however, controls these private frims from another aspect.From the development history of rencent 30 years, comparing with the market principal position of state-owned firms, the market position of private firms are very weak, and thus the requirement for the allocation of production essentials is exigent. Enterprise social capital, as one of the essentials of enterprise operation, adds the operation essentials to the firms, and meanwhile enhances the enterprises the allocation ability for the essentials. In other words, comparing to the state-owned business bodies, private bodies are very thirsty for the social capital, and are more qualified and have sufficent motivation to develop enterprise social capital omnibearingly. From the character, existence and value analysis of enterprise social capital, it can be seen that, driven by the enterprise requirement, social network, as a resource embeded in the enterprise social capital, is becoming one of the important ways of allocating resources for those private firms, and controls their rise and fall.Enterprise social capital, as an enssential getting into firms, makes the firms the business bodies beyond the traditional "bounding wall' Enterprises are most likely boundless organizations, or mix-bodies spanning borderline.To get a further development, enterprises must break the bounding-wall, span over the borderline, set up extensive alliance by plenty ways to build up social network, and thus bring themselves opportunities and resources. The relationship between the accumulation of enterprise social capital and enterprise development is becoming closer and closer. Enterprise social capital will not become weaker with the establishment of marketing economy and system setting-up, in contrast, it will become stronger and stronger. Further more, it will be more standardized by deed binding, as thus the mutual communication between enterprises and other social bodies are patternized, and will not vary with fellow's change. Therefore, enterprises need to invest in social capital, exert its virtues, enhance the modern social network scale by system innovation, re-build up the mechanism of social network resources allocation in the process of system perfection. This is the most important and hardest work. Forming harmonious enterprise relationship network has significant meaning for the harmonious society construction and the scientific concept of development.To understand the development of private firms, it's necessary to understand the Chinese values and culture. The traditional culture, as one kind of heritage, plays an improtant role during the process of modernization.From the analysis to the Jinzhengda, we can see that social,historical and cultural factors contained in Linyi provide Jinzhengda tremendous social capital provisions. Jinzhengda integrated local special culture and values into its management and operation, conformed related resources, created a set of suitable operation model and established a social capital system fitting to its own development, thus its social capital has become more strengthen in the integration of culture and marketing into its systems.From the enterprise's point of view, more attention should be paid to the raising of enterprise social capital growth essentials, as thus the enterprise increases the operating efficiency, and also becomes stronger by such ways as system establishement and culture integration, plus relevent technique and funds support to achieve such goals.The creation of enterprise socail capital is a complicated system project. It needs complete and systematical analysis and discussion. It also requires the integration of economics, administration, sociology and anthropology. Social science study has been towards the integration of multi-subjects and cross-subjects. Studying the growth rules of private firms, in such ways as integration of politics, economics, sociology and anthropology, from macro to micro, from environment to policy, from economy to culture, will not only be meaningful to the growing private firms, but also valuable to academic research.