Study On The Impact Of Safety Climateon Miners’Safety Behavior-Integrating The View Of Psychological Capital And Job Stress

In recent years, the process of industrialization accelerated, the harmoniousdevelopment of society demanded and the public supervision enlarged make safety inproduction in coal mines a major concern. Because safety behavior is the cornerstone ofsafety in production of frontline staff, in order to protect the safety behavior of miners, coalmines gradually increase the investments of "hardware", for example, the safety equipment,monitoring systems, and engineering technology. However, because the "hardware"diminishes marginal benefit, and a large number of business practices show that advancedtechnology and equipment cannot prevent the occurrence of accidents, the "software"impacts on employees’ safety behavior has become a research focus in recent years. Theimportant role of safety climate has attracted academic attention. However, due to thedifferent subjects, theoretical perspectives and analytical methods, concept and structure ofsafety climate cannot get consensus, leading to the relationship between safety climate andsafe safety behavior is different and difficult to confirm each other. And in recent years,academic research trends and management practices show that employees’work experience,mental status and other factors have a close contact with the individual behavior, however,few studies have examined its role between safety climate and safe behavior. Therefore, weneed to introduce job stress and psychological factors in order to answer those questions, forexample,"Should we make a lot of investment in safety climate for the miners? How muchsafety climate effects on safe participation and safety compliance? Whether this role isrestricted job stress and psychological factors? And we provide strong guidance for safetyproduction.We use the qualitative research to develop safety climate scale of coal mine in China,use the quantitative studies to examine the mechanism of safety climate on safe behavior,and focus on the mediating role of psychological capital and the moderating effects of jobstress.On the one hand, we use standardized procedures to develop safety climate scale ofcoal mine. Through literature research, interviews feedback, content analysis, theorydevelopment, discussion and analysis and other steps, we get the initial safetyclimate-related problem items. And based on the first test sample, we refine andstreamlining items by item analysis and exploratory factor analysis. Then based on theformal survey data, we test its reliability and validity confirm adequately, confirm itsreliability and validity, and ultimately get the scale of including forty-four items and sevenfactors, namely safety awareness, managers promise, security policies, security exchange, safety training and risk provisions. Those we use fewer indicators to measured safetyclimate not only has theoretical significance, but also in line with concise, easy-to-targetoperation.On the other hand, we discuss the impact of safety climate on safe behavior, focusingon the mediating role of psychological capital and the moderating effects of job stress.Based on the literature review and analysis, through integrating the social exchange theory,the social cognitive theory, the psychological capital theory and stress-emotional theory,we conceptual model is proposed by deductive reasoning to explore the impact mechanismof safety climate on safety behavior from a perspective of psychological capital and the jobstress, and based on309valid questionnaires from coal mines, we test on the conceptualmodel with structural equation modeling and hierarchical regression method. The resultsshow that:(1) Safety climate for employee safety behavior has a significant positive effect in coalmine of China. Among them safe exchange for safety compliance and safety policy forsafety compliance have the greatest impact.(2) Psychological capital plays various mediating roles between aspects of safetyclimate and safety behavior. PC plays a full mediating role between managementcommitment and safety participation behavior and between safety training and safetyparticipation behavior. PC plays a partial mediating effect between safety policy、safetycommunication、 risk preparation and safety behavior, and between managementcommitment、supervisor practice、safety training and safety compliance behavior, andbetween supervisor practice and safety participation behavior. However, PC has nosignificant mediating effect on the relationship between safety awareness and safetycompliance，and on the relationship between supervisor support and safety participation.(3) Job stress negatively moderates the influence of safety climate on safety behavior.Occupation development stress has a negative effect on the relationship between safetyclimate and safety participation, and negatively moderates the psychological capital’smediating role of safety climate-safety participation behavior; Environmental stress,operating stress and management stress have negative moderating effects on the relationshipbetween safety climate and safety compliance; and negatively moderate the psychologicalcapital’s mediating role of safety climate-safety participation behavior except managementstress.Theoretical contribution of this study is to:(1) We use the standardized procedures to develop safety climate scale of coal mine in China. It not only lays the foundation for the empirical study in this operation, but alsomakes a theoretical contribution to the development of the concept and structure of thesafety climate.(2) We find psychological capital play the intermediary role in the process of safetyclimate on safety behavior. This discovery not only adds "safe atmosphere-psychologicalcapital-safe behavior," to the new content, but also enriches and refines the mechanism ofdifferent dimensions of safety climate impact on different safety behavior throughpsychological capital, and make up the literature gap.(3) We find job stress to play a moderate role in the relationship of "safe climate-safebehavior" and "safe climate-psychological capital-safety behavior." And we deeply find thecomprehensive mechanism that explains how safety climate, psychological capital, and jobstress influence safety behavior.