Preparation Of Novel Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) And Research On Their Application

With the arable land dwindled on the earth, while growing population, coupled with frequent natural disasters, plant growth regulators (PGRs) drawn more and more attention in ensuring food security and increasing it’s production. Most varieties of PGRs presence unsatisfactory effect, poor security or high cost, so it is difficult to keep step with the development of China’s agriculture and forestry production. Therefore, to develop new PGRs of low production cost, multi-function,obvious effect, and security so as to enhance the overall level of China’s pesticide industry played a positive role.Firstly, six new amide compounds, six new quaternary ammonium salts compounds and series of phosphate and cinnamate as new plant growth regulators have been designed and synthesized, through the active sub-structure stitching principle and bioisosteres mechanisms. Their structures were characterized by 1H NMR and GC-MS to prove consistent with the expected structure. These new plant growth regulators have many advantages such as simple operation, easy access to raw materials, low cost etc. Many of them have been authorized by China national Patent Office for invention patents. At the same time green practical formulations of all the synthesized compounds were studied.All newly synthesized compounds were first applied to plant seed germination, the synthesized PGRs were used to germination and rooting experiment indoor; here, monocots and dicotyledonous are selected as test material; Effects of soaking concentration,temperature,time and other factors on germination and rooting of wheat and Taicai were investigated. While rooting for different ways (basal application and soaking seeds) of PGRs were investigated. Experimental results show that both monocots or dicotyledonous seeds, the soaking time of new plant growth regulators is between 8-10 hours, the temperature is 25℃, the concentration is 125 mg/L, at this time they have the highest seed germination rate. Monocots have the highest root activity value in the medium concentration of 10 mg/L, in seed soaking mode at 30 mg/L. Dicotyledonous have the highest root activity value in 50 mg/L of the two ways. 2,4-dichloro-cinnamate have the maximum root activity by using of cucumber rooting method.50% potassium phosphate soluble powder have rooting promotion rate of 77% by cucumber rooting method. For plant roots studied, the strongest effect of root activity appeared at 62.5 mg/L. The preliminary rooting mechanism by regulators RGXA was researched, the optimum rooting mechanism may be which can improve nuclei and cell wall.All newly synthesized compounds were first applied to plant seedling cultivation growth experiments, using the new plant growth regulator as seed soaking liquid for five different seedlings, spraying in the grow season, measured the physiological and biochemical properties of the treated plant. The experimental data show that the content of chlorophyll, protein, sugar and free amino acid in Taicai and wheat leaves treated by regulators at 62.5 mg/L were higher than CK, but the content of titratable acid showing a downward trend. For the test of the new PGRs on tobacco,which have two dilution, the sugar content treated were higher than CK in the plant leaves, The sugar content of cinnamamide amide(5%) and cinnamamide quaternary ammonium salt(5%) treatments are higher thah that of CK about 3.9、4.0 percentage points. The content of free amino acid of naphthalen dicarboxamide(5%) treatments are higher than that of CK 48.31%. Generally speaking, all quality index of tobacco were improved treated by new PGRs. The chlorophyll content in lettuce leaf of naphthalene anhydride treated reached to the highest value at concentration of 62.5 mg/L, increase 42.0%compared to CK, lower or higher than the concentration(62.5 mg/L) the chlorophyll content decreased. Lettuce treated with different concentrations of naphthalene amides and quaternary ammonium salt, the protein content increase first and then decreased, the highest value appear at 125 mg/L. Lettuce, treated with 62.5 mg/L NAXA, robust growth, leaf green and lush. The Cucumber seedling leaves are growing well, large leaf area, in a flourishing condition treated with 62.5 mg/L and 125mg/LSLXA.Secondly, In this paper 7 kinds of natural herbs with better promote rooting activity were screened from 33 kinds of natural herbs. Preferred prepared ZCY mixed formulation for potted Taicai and wheat.Study its influence on the growth of wheat and taicai and leaf quality. Results showed that there was a 5.47% promote rate compare to CK in chlorophyll content of Taicai leaves treated with 62.5 mg/L ZCY,3.02% promote rate compare to CK in chlorophyll content of Taicai leaves treated with 125 mg/L ZCY. And there was a 4.50% promote rate compare to CK in wheat seeding treated with 62.5 mg/L ZCY than CK, a 0.49% promote rate compare to CK in wheat height treated with 62.5 mg/L ZCY than CK, a 6.19% promote rate in wheat fresh weight compare to CK treated with 62.5 mg/L ZCY than CK. Results showed that there was a 6.33% promote rate compare to CK in chlorophyll content of wheat leaves treated with 62.5 mg/L ZCY,4.52% promote rate compare to CK in chlorophyll content of wheat leaves treated with 125 mg/L ZCY. And ZCY have varying positive role in promoting the content of soluble sugar and free amino acids in wheat leaves, so ZCY preparation has feature of natural, green, pollution-free, rooting activity.ZCY and all newly synthesized compounds were first applied to field plant, and compared to "penshibao". After spraying regulators on Yuanyang wheat, RGXA has the greatest impact on grain weight which increase 3.9 grams compared than control, an increase of 9.40%. RGXA has the remarkable effect on yield, with an average yield of 546.63 kg per mu,84.6 kg per mu yield than CK, an increase of 18.10%. Followed by NAXA, an increase of 14.7%. Yield 62.8 kg per mu than CK after spraying ZCY, an increase of 13.3%. Compared with Penshibao, only RGXA and NAXA have higher yield than Penshibao, which have the increase of 3.9%、0.9%. After spraying regulators on Zhoukou wheat,the grain weight of all treated increased compared with CK,among which NAXA has the largest increase, with an average increase of 3.4 grams, an increase of 10.4%. Compared with Penshibao, except SLJA, the rest of the grain weight were higher than Penshibao. The wheat production of all treated increased compared with CK,among which NAXA has the largest increase, with an average yield of 464.8 kg per mu,64.8 kg per mu yield than CK, an increase of 16.20%. Among which NAXA, RGXA, ZCY, SLXA respectively compared with Penshibao, increase 7.52%,5.87%,5.72% and 2.9%. After spraying regulators on rice, it generated ranging effects on yield.Among which NAXA has the most significant increase yield effect, which has a increase rate of 8.97%, followed by RGXA, then followed by ZCY.The results display that NAXA, RGXA and ZCY have high yield compared with the existing Penshibao. In the field of apples, after foliar spray, the intrinsic quality of the fruit processed were increased corresponding with production has improved, among which RGXA has the largest increase, with an increase of 14.35%, and the coloring of the fruit there are different degrees of increase. After foliar spray on field ginger leaves, RGXA and NAXA yield rate of 12.5%, and form "fat baby" ginger shape, which can increase considerable economic benefits for ginger farmers.