Research Of The Coupling Relationship Between Urbanization And Water Environment, Atmosphere Environment In Jinan City

With the development of the urbanization process, the relationship of urbanization and ecological environment has become a research hotspot at domestic and overseas in recent 20 years. Since the reform and opening up, China’s social and economic developed rapidly, China has become one of the most rapidly growing urbanization countries in the world, the environment problems such as water environment, atmosphere environment and solid waste pollutions which produced from the progress of the urbanization have become more and more prominent, while ecological environment deterioration restricts the development of the city in turn. Therefore, in order to achieve the balanced and sustainable development between urbanization and urban environment, study the coercion and constraint mechanism between urbanization and urban environment, analyze the coupling coordination between them, is very important to promote the urbanization process and the urban sustainable development.This paper sums up the theoretical and practical research results of the urbanization and environmental safety systems which includes water and atmosphere environment security system in domestic and foreign. And from the population, economy, society and space four aspects, analyzing the development situation of urbanization in the period of 1996-2012, investigating and evaluating the current situation of the water and atmosphere environment. Based on the actual situation of Jinan city, this paper uses the frequency analysis method and expert consult method to choose the indexes of determining urbanization level from the population, economy, society and space four aspects of urbanization. Adapting the model of PSER to establish the evaluation index system of water and atmosphere environment security, using the Entropy Method and Analytic Hierarchy Process to determine all indexes weight of the urbanization, water and atmosphere environment security system during 1996-2012, based on it, we could get the main influence factors within the system, and analyzing the evolution trend of urbanization, water and atmosphere environment system.In this paper, according to the coupling coordination degree model calculation results show that:the coupling results between urbanization and water-atmosphere environment change over time. Specific performance in the following respects:(1) The coupling results of the urbanization system and water environment security systemFrom 1996 to 2012, the coupling coordination degree of Jinan urbanization and water environment security system is generally increase as a straight line. From the coupling trend line, we can get that the coupling correlation coefficient is r> 0.9, the coupling effect is better. According to coupling coordination situation of the urbanization system and water environment security system,1996-2012, Jinan urbanization and water environment security system coupling coordination situation has experienced five stages, respectively, low coupling development (1996-1997), moderate imbalance development period (1997-2000), barely coordinated development (2000-2004), moderate coordination stage (2004-2008), the highly coupled development (2008-2012). After 2008, Jinan urbanization level is higher, the water environmental pollution prevention and control measures play a obvious role, the water environment quality in general maintain a good trend, but there is also water security crisis exist, need to improve water environment safety warning, realize the sustainable utilization of water resources in the process of rapid urbanization.In the process of the urbanization in Jinan city, the influences of urbanization system to water environment subsystem or the influences of urbanization subsystem to water environment system is different. In 1996-2012, the fluctuating range of pressure subsystem and state subsystem in water environment security system is higher, show extremely unstable state, the influences of the spatial urbanization to water environment is higher, then by the order from high to low is population urbanization, economic urbanization and social urbanization.Otherwise, this paper analyzes the influences of urbanization development to the water quality of Xiaoqing river and the water quality situation in Mulizhuang, Huanxiangdian, Damatou and Xinfengzhuang section. This study also found that the influences of the spatial urbanization to water quality is higher, then by the order from high to low is socialurbanization, economic urbanization and population urbanization. In addition, according to the xiaoqing river contaminated situation for many years, on the basis of xiaoqing river management background, this paper list the governance course for xiaoqing river of Jinan city.(2) The coupling results of urbanization system and atmosphere environment security systemAccording to time sequence, the coupling coordination degree of Jinan urbanization and the atmosphere environment safety system shows:during 1996-2012,the whole coupling coordination degree shows the linear increasing trend. According to the coupling coordination situation of urbanization system and atmosphere environment security system, Jinan urbanization and atmosphere environment safety system coupling coordination situation has experienced six stages between 1996 to 2012, respectively, low coupling development to serious imbalance period (1996-1997), low coupling development to moderate disturbance period (1997-2000), barely coordinated development period(2000-2004), moderate coordination development period (2004-2007), the highly coupled development period to well coordination state (2007-2010), the high quality coordinated development period (2010-2012). After 2007, with the development of urbanization, the atmosphere environmental quality enhances unceasingly, the urbanization enters benign development stage together with the atmosphere environment protection.In the process of the urbanization in Jinan city, the influences of urbanization system to atmosphere environment subsystem or the influences of urbanization subsystem to atmosphere environment system is different. In 1996-2012, the fluctuating range of pressure subsystem in atmosphere environment security system is higher, show extremely unstable state, the influences of the spatial urbanization to atmosphere environment is higher, then by the order from high to low is population urbanization, economic urbanization and social urbanization.Finally, combined with the actual development situation of Jinan, according to the survey of the status of Jinan city environment and urbanization development and the existed problem of water environment and atmosphere environment, gives measures and suggestions about the implementation of Jinan city urbanization development and the sustainable development of urban environment coordinated.