Analysis And Control Of Traffic Disaster Risk For Extra-long Highway Tunnel And Tunnel Group

In recent years, expressway tunnel construction has got great achievements in china, with a large number of newly emerging super-long tunnel and tunnel group. Tunnel, which has obvious advantages of improving linear, shortening running distance, avoiding geological disaster, preventing ecological environment, etc., has became the important component of expressway. Due to the traffic safety brought from the special traffic condition of them, super-long tunnel and tunnel group have been paid more and more attention from the society. In order to reduce the traffic accidents in super-long tunnel and tunnel group, and enhance the operation service level and the ability of disaster prevention and rescue, this dissertation explored the traffic disaster risk analysis and control of super-long tunnel and tunnel group in expressway. The main works and research achievements include:(1) According to the systematic investigation of680traffic accidents and5280anchorage accidents of59tunnels in Zhejiang province, the traffic accident causation analysis of tunnel group, such as the composition of traffic accidents, vehicle types, accident rate per million vehicle kilometer (MVK) and emergency rescue time, etc., the crucial basic data of accident prevention causation, and their correlation had been acquired.(2) Based on the fact that the traffic accident risk of expressway tunnel group is a dynamic risk being connected with accident handling time, the tunnel group traffic risk has been divided into three accident causing models of different risk stages, and the systematic identification of traffic accident risk of tunnel group had been carried on.(3) In view of the certainty and randomness of the fire and the personal evacuation in the process of fire happening, developing and disaster causing, the quantitative risk evaluation method of tunnel fire base on the probability model had been built. This method considered the quantitative influence of traffic accident rate, fire spreading law, disaster prevention and rescue ability and personal escape behavior, etc.. to tunnel fire risk. By this method, the research of the influence to the fire risk of tunnel warning time, the spacing setting of cross aisle, and the installation of the fire station and smoke vent had been carried out. (4) From investigating on the illumination characteristics of the adjacent tunnels, the brightness variation diagram of the adjacent tunnel had been drawn. Tthe reasons of running safety risk when the driver passing through the special luminous environment of the adjacent tunnels had been analyzed.(5) Based on the virtual reality simulation test technology, the lighting control method of the adjacent tunnels taking driver’s subjective experience of vision and mentality on passing through adjacent tunnels as standard, had been proposed. By means of building the virtual reality simulation test-bench, the impact to driver’s subjective experience of vision and mentality of different ambient brightness, running speed and tunnel spacing had been studied.(6) The coordinated control system of emergency rescue of expressway tunnel group had been built up, including the establishment of emergency organization system, the response structure of emergency rescue organization, information submission and response mechanism, coordinated control strategy for mechanical and electrical control system, accident treatment procedure of emergency rescue and the construction of emergency rescue platform. Taking this system into emergency rescue platform, the emergency rescue of efficient collaboration and coordinated control between the multi-organizations (operating management, speed enforcement, and fire fighting, etc.) and the multi-equipments (tunnel ventilation, tunnel lighting, and traffic guidance, etc.)By the development of above research contents, including traffic accident survey, risk factor analysis, fire risk evaluation, lighting control of the adjacent and the establishment of emergency rescue system of the super-long tunnel and tunnel group, this dissertation will provide some referential values to establishment of traffic accident’s prevention, control and emergency rescue system in the process of the design, construction and operation of the super-long tunnel and tunnel group.