Study On Requirement And Guarantee Technology For Outdoor Air In General Hospital

Hospital building is the space for providing medical services, so providing the good indoor air environment is not only improving the doctors’ and nurses’ work efficiency, but also improving the patients’ satisfaction of medical treatment. Reasonable design and operation of ventilation system, providing good indoor environment and saving energy in hospital, are the problems in our subject.The basic relationship of requirement for outdoor air in hospital is: outdoor air volume= outdoor air volume per person × the number of people. Through the great deal of investigation, finds the foundation of requirement for outdoor air is the ratio between outpatient and bed amount, while there is great difference of the ration in different hospitals, so there are some other factors which affect the ratio except the bed amount. Based on analysis of big data methods research status quo, obtains philosophy understanding of hospital big data analysis methods, puts out explicit and implicit attributes, with boundary and openness characteristics. Forms two steps big date mining method of "first mining the analysis factors, then mining influencing factors in which". Then mining the factors as specialty, location, appointment registration, grade, medical insurance agency designated, administration, medical standards, service quality, health care price, average daily outdoor temperature and outdoor air quality index and so on, and further draws the association map of influence factors, and the design calculating model has also been established with classification attribute of the argument. Then proposes maximum daily outpatient, average day outpatient, outpatient uniformity coefficient and percentile to characterize digital signature, with the monthly, weekly and hourly distribution index, gets the ratio between maximum daily outpatient and daily average outpatient is about 1.6, the outpatient amount takes part of 50% to 75% in 60% to 75% outpatient time. Monthly distribution index sequence changes little over the year; weekly distribution index sequence changes little throughout the year; hourly distribution index sequence presents two typical characteristics of the spring and winter, summer and autumn. Outpatient amount time series computing model and prediction model have been established, the prediction model is the wavelet decomposition neural network model which is based on average outdoor air temperature and air quality index.This paper finds that the multiple relationship between people amount and outpatient amount is not fixed, but the dynamic relation. The influencing factors of temporal and spatial variation for people flow are medical procedures, spatial layout and management system. Then proposes the comprehensive diagram analysis method which uses medical flowchart and architectural space layout topology to analyze the influence of the people flow. People flow models of public areas in outpatient department, consulting room and ward are established. Reveals the factors of time distribution of people flow in outpatient department public areas are hourly outpatient, accompanying rate, medical procedures, spatial layout and management system, the factors of time distribution of people flow in consulting room are physician assistants configuration, accompanying rate, management system and the implementation, and the factors of time distribution of people flow in ward are number of beds, bed utilization, visit rate, accompanying rate, nursing rounds system, accompanying system and implementation. It confirms that people flow in public areas of outpatient department appears bimodal characteristic variation, the morning peak is 1.6 to 2.8 times of afternoon peak; people amount remain stable in consulting room with the strict implementation of the management system; people amount in ward is stable in the non-visiting period, with short-term increasing of doctors and nurses rounds, in the visiting period, people amount changes greatly. People flow has peaks and valleys migration characteristic according to medical procedures. These are the basis for the ventilation design and regulation.A fitting formula of requirement for outdoor air20.175 2.311 2.917 72.221 co people VM??x ?x ?x ?(R2=0.994)is established through field research datas, then sets up outdoor air requirement model of normal and abnormal people flow function, and presents the former impact factors are health indicators controlling range and the characteristic time, the latter are shocking pollutant intensity, impact resistance ability and overrun time, and requirement regulation criterion for outdoor air is proposed based on the impact resistance ability and overrun time. Cycle concentration curve analysis method is proposed, it can reduce 5% to 10% designing outdoor air quantity, and about 5% of total operation air volume using this method to analyze the requirement for outdoor air in outpatient department public areas. For consulting room, model of requirement for outdoor air is proposed for using on and off or high and low adjustment. In the ventilation engineering applications of ward, the air quality of clinical rounds, teaching rounds and family visits should be considered, while administrative rounds, nurse treatment and duty rounds may not be considered. The outdoor air ventilation ratio should be designed in normal circumstances, while a reasonable tolerance should be determined in abnormal circumstances.The two key issues of ventilation system reliability are proposed, one is the type and scale of the outdoor air facilities; the other is the operation and controlling. Decentralized and centralized are two basic type of ventilation system, both have two different forms. Combined with a hospital surgical building case analysis, the decentralized is simpler, well regulation, low capacity than the centralized system. Proposes layout and facade of the building should be designed to create favorable conditions for decentralized ventilation system. Summarises the adaptability of decentralized and centralized to several typical layout of hospital outpatient and inpatient building, plate single gallery and chandelier-style gallery type of decentralized system provide good foundation. When it can’t use the decentralized system, power centralized or distributed power ventilation system may be a good choice. Centralized power valve regulating ventilation system design approach is established with dynamic valve authority, but for distributed power ventilation, forms a graphical analysis method of the static pressure curve as the starting point which is used for choosing branch fan, and also establishes the system design methodology. And forms intelligent medicine operation controlling method based on a preset function operation of big data in patient registration hall, waiting areas and other outpatient department public areas, and man-machine joint guaranty operation control method of high and low adjustment controlling and manual adjustment limited rights in consulting room and ward.