China And South Korea Of The Comparison Of The New Words (1994-2010)

The academic research on neologism started since1930s in China andSouth Korea, and both countries have achieved much progress in this field for the past20years. This paper attempts to a comparative analysis of the neology in the Chineseand South Korean lexicons with a view to discover the development of society and thechanges of ideology in terms of lexicology and sociolinguistics.The paper features in the new words in Chinese and Korean lexicons up to2010,and the lexicons include The Latest Chinese-Korean Neologisms Dictionary、ModernChinese Neologisms Dictionary、Modern Chinese Neologisms Dictionary1978——2000、21st Century Chinese Neologisms Dictionary、Neologisms Dictionary、2008Chinese Neologisms、2009Chinese Neologisms、2010Chinese Neologisms, and alsomakes reference to the Survey of Neology (1994—2010) made by Korea NationalMandarin Court.This paper, by quantitative research and qualitative discussion, microcosmicresearch and macroscopic analysis, firstly makes a description of similarities anddifferences of Chinese and South Korean neologies respectively, and analyses thecharacteristics of neologies in terms of linguistics and sociolinguistics.The literature review summarizes the features of neologism in China and SouthKorea in2001,2005,2009and2010respectively. And the lexicology analysis isfocused on word category, word formation, morphology, and vocabulary generationand expansion.(1) There are a great number of nouns in both Chinese and South Koreanneologies.(2) The word formation shows the following features:New Chinese words include single-morpheme words and compound words. NewKorean words include single-word and composite words. Most compound words arecreated on the basis of existing morphemes. The complete newly-generated words arefew. The compound words are formed in the rather same way from the view oflexicology, and the only differences lie in the order of verb-object in each country’swords.The new words are created by way of combining and deriving. The former refersto the words with original structure of root and words with modified structure of root.The latter refers to two kinds of words: prefix-generated words and suffix-generatedwords. New Chinese and South Korea words include: a combination of two or morenouns; a combination of adjectives and nouns; a combination of verbs and verbs; acombination of verbs and nouns; a combination of nouns and verbs and a combinationof adjectives and verbs. Korean new words feature in a combination of adverbs andnouns; a combination of incomplete root and nouns while Chinese new words featurein a combination of adjectives and adjectives; verbs+adjectives binding; nouns+adjectives binding.The derived new words mainly include the prefix-generated words andsuffix-generated words, the former includes the inherent words plus derived words;Chinese character plus derived words; loanwords prefix. Suffix-generated wordsinclude the inherent language plus suffix; Chinese character suffix; loanwords suffix.(3) This part includes the expansion of meaning, the shrink of meaning, thetransformation of meaning and the variety of word connotation.(4) The last part is about the formation and generation of the new words.The word formation includes the creation of new words, old words containingnew meaning, the intervention of loanwords, the introduction of dialect and rhetoric(metaphor and metonymy). This part aims to analyze the new-words formation byborrowing, rhetoric-made words and analogy. Borrowing refers to the borrowing ofloanwords and the borrowing within the same language. Rhetoric-made words includesimile, metaphor, metonymy, hyperbole and euphemism. Analogy includes antisenseanalogy and similar analogy.The last part of paper analyses the new words coming into the society for thepast15years in3aspects: changes of word category, social development andrepresentative words in different social period, and the ideology of people andgeneration of loanwords.(1) This section makes a systematic analysis on the category changes of newwords up to year2001,2005,2009,2010from12fields: politics, society, military,communications, economics, science, technology, medicine, entertainment, life,culture, geography and the others.(2) This section summarizes the social developments of China and South Korea,and analyzes the representative words of various periods of two countries, especiallyon the period of the1980s, the1990s,2000,2010. The paper lists the new wordssolely used in China, solely used in South Korea, the words double used in two countries and words originally used in a country, now used in two countries.(3) This section analyzes the use of loanwords, thus to explore the changes ofChinese and Korean ideology, showing their differences and similarities. By takingthe example of酷（cool）, this paper summarizes the changes of people’s viewpointsas to the acceptance and attitude towards new ideas, the interpersonal relationship of“a new generation”, changes of economic structure and the pace of life in twocountries.