Research On Relevant Psychological Characteristics And Emotion Processing Of Internet-addicts Among Urban Left-behind Children

Internet is an important feature in the modern society. The real-time and interactive internet beyond time and space sparks an epoch-making revolution in modern people’s life. Meanwhile, the negative effects of internet gradually appear as internet-addiction becomes a new social problem. Accounting for most of netizens, adolescents are suffering from adverse effects of internet-addiction in their study, life and physical and mental development. Left-behind children are a special group emerging among adolescents after China’s reform and opening-up, its urban left-behind group is enlarging with a relatively abundant material life and a rather complicated living environment under the present social environment, so the adverse impacts of internet on the physical and mental development of them are increasingly noticeable. However, researches concerning urban left-behind children are comparatively insufficient with single research perspective and method and fragmented research contents. Therefore, exploring the issues such as relevant psychological characteristics and emotion processing of internet-addicts among urban left-behind children against the background of internet environment is of great instructive significance and reference value.Around the theme of internet addiction, this research takes urban left-behind children as the entry point, investigates and analyzes the personality traits and relevant psychological characteristics of urban addicted left-behind children in the cyberspace. Further in view of the emotional characteristics in the personality, from the perspective of cognitive neuroscience, through focusing on facial expression recognition and pain empathy, the emotion processing procedure of these internet addicts is explored. Part One presents the problems that need to be addressed in this research by explaining relevant concepts and summarizing the literature. Part Two contains three researches. Research 1 summarizes the features of urban left-behind children’s internet-addiction, personality traits and mental health by conducting a relevant questionnaire survey into urban left-behind children’s internet-addiction, personality traits and mental health under internet environment. Research 2 discusses the interactive effects among personality traits, internet social support and internet interpersonal trust of urban internet-addicted left-behind children. Research 3 casts light on the relationship between personality traits, internet efficacy and life meaning of urban internet-addicted left-behind children. Thus, the acting path and model of social psychological factors for urban left-behind children’s internet-addiction are constructed. Part Three contains two researches and explores emotion processing of urban left-behind children’s internet-addiction. Research 4 investigates the internet-addiction’s influence on facial expression recognition of urban left-behind children by combining eye movement tracking test with implicit association test. Research 5 focuses on urban internet-addicted left-behind children’s pain empathy ability by conducting ERP experiment. Part Four covers general discussion and conclusion, comprehensively analyzes and summarizes the relevant psychological characteristics and the emotional processing of urban left-behind children’s internet-addiction.With a series of researches above, the main conclusions can be summarized as follows:(1) The internet-addiction rate of urban left-behind children in China reaches 10.80%, which is relatively high. Meanwhile, male internet-addiction rate is higher than that of female. In terms of internet-addition salience. the rate of urban left-behind children is obviously higher than that of non-left-behind children. The personality deviation rate and mental health problem rate of urban internet-addicted left-behind children are higher than those of non-addicted group. Regarding personality deviation rate, the females are higher than males. With respect to neuroticism, the group with both parents absent is higher than that with single parent absent. The total score of internet-addiction and its related dimension can serve as indicators of personality neuroticism, psychoticism and mental health.(2) Urban internet-addicted left-behind children win more internet social support and internet interpersonal trust. Among which, the emotional support, instrumental support and emotional trust factors of females are higher than those of males. The total scores of internet interpersonal trust and the factor of instrumental trust of middle school females and primary school males are higher than those of middle school males. The regression effect of personality traits’ neurotic ism, is remarkable for internet social support and internet interpersonal trust. Internet social support serves as a partial intermediation between neuroticism and internet interpersonal trust and the mediating effect is extremely remarkable. The mechanism of the influence of neuroticism and internet social support on internet interpersonal trust is supported by structural equation model.(3) The sense of internet efficacy and life meaning for urban internet-addicted left-behind children are relatively weak. Among them, the general internet efficacy sense and the internet capacity of males are stronger than those of females, while the females of senior grades are better than those of junior grades. The sense of controlling over the environment of senior grades is better than that of junior grades. The regression effect of personality traits’ psychoticism is remarkable for the sense of internet efficacy and life meaning. The sense of internet efficacy serves as a partial intermediation between psychoticism and the sense of life meaning and the mediating effect is extremely remarkable. The mechanism of the influence of psychoticism and the sense of internet efficacy on the sense of life meaning is supported by structural equation model.(4) The facial expression recognition ability of urban internet-addicted left-behind children is lower than that of normal group of urban left-behind children. The eye movement information processing model of internet-addicted group of urban left-behind children is:accelerated fixation in the early stage, prolonged gaze duration and reduced fixation count and extracting picture information evenly. However, the information processing model of normal group is the opposite. In the judgment of phase difference recognition, negative image processing is particularly difficult. There exists implicit emotional preference, and internet-addicted group is inclined to negative emotion with a low self-evaluation.(5) Internet-addiction affects the pain empathy ability of urban left-behind children, which manifests as affecting the cognitive processing and assessment process of pain empathy, but not affecting its automatic processing and rational judgment process.Regarding research object, this research selects a special group of adolescent as the object: urban ieft-behind children, and comprehensively explores the personality traits and relevant psychological characteristics and the emotion processing existed in this group under the internet environment. Segmenting the internet addiction research group and making left-behind experience as a variable factor of the internet addiction study are of great practical and time significance.In terms of research methods, the whole research process comprehensively employs all kinds of research methods, combining literature summarization, system evaluation, questionnaire survey, personal interview, statistical modeling, monographic study with laboratory test, especially including ERP and eye movement cognitive physiological experiments to prove into the personality traits and relevant psychological characteristics and the emotion processing of urban addicted left-behind children through various indicators.For research perspective, it draws on personality theory, social adaptation theory, psychiatric diagnosis theory, mental health education theory, internet development theory and cognitive neuroscience theory, to carry out the cross and integration research.In future researches, the sample selection range and capacity require to be expanded to draw conclusions with more promotional value; to adapt the longitudinal research design and methods, in-depth to explore the changes and differences in the development trend of the research question; to try new research methods and paradigms, and further apply functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and other techniques to explore the influencing factors and other physical indicators of urban left-behind children’s internet-addiction.