Tributary And Canonization The Research On Viet-Sino Relationship From 1802-1885

Nowadays, globalization has become a mainstream tend, Human society appeared increasingly development in connecting each other. The communication modes are variety and complicated, go beyond any other historical stage in before. Under this situation, any country can not be isolated from the world. Countries are enhancing their relationships in economy, politics, culture and other fields. With the continuing expansion of foreign relations, the strategic thinking of diplomatic relations in the construction of a nation are becoming more and more important. No matter a country, a race, at any stage or political system, the first and most important thing is stability. Vietnam is a communist country like china, Since the eighty’s of last century and the disintegration of Eastern Europe, This eastern country is expanding his connections to many races, regions and every country in the world. To establish a stable mutual benefit, sustainable foreign relationships in strategic height is Vietnam’s most important things to do. History is the text book of today. The diplomatic relationships and analyze it is an important work and can not be ignored.In the history of diplomatic relations, Sino Viet diplomatic relation takes a major part. Have reference value. For thousand years, Chin-Viet had established and linked their political relationships stably based on peculiar geographical features and similar political system. This relation was tested by dynasty change and social unrest.This thesis research on Chin-Viet historical affairs from 1802-1885,-the dynasty of ’Nguyen’; also dynasty of Qing in china. In this stage, Sino Viet traditional diplomatic relationships have great changes. Both countries came to the end of feudal society, central centralized monarchy dies out. At the same time, they had to face powerful western countries’ invasion, not as simple as solving the border issue.China and Vietnam have similar political system and both countries came to the end of feudal society, at the same time, they had to face powerful western countries’ invasion, and this is the main reason of traditional political relationsThrough researching Chin-Viet historical affairs between 1802-1885, this thesis considers that, the Vietnamese diplomatic history was involved in the historical research program of Chin-Viet diplomatic relationship. Of which, the nexus between Nguyen dynasty and Qing dynasty take a major part. Unfortunately, there is no research focus on the tributary and canonization of diplomatic relations between China and Vietnam from the year 1802 to 1885. Besides, many researchers’progress referred to this historical period, but they haven’t use two languages (Chinese, Vietnamese) to study materials. Conducting this, I think the research on the tributary and canonization of diplomatic relations between china and Vietnam from year 1802 to 1885 is necessary and essential.This thesis based on illustrating Sino Viet relations between 1802-1885 proposes these questions:What is the essence of this relationship? How this essence developed? How dose this tributary relation worked and how the canonization activities go on. With these questions, I compared Chin-Viet political relationship with Chinese political relationship between other Asian countries (Thai, Japan, Cambodia and so on), I reached a conclusion that Vietnam plays a important role of Chin-Viet political relationship. Support Vietnamese government some political strategies when their negotiation subject is China. It will helpful to develop Chin-Viet political relationship peacefully and stability. The research materials selected from Chin-Viet political document, some information is chosen from Nguyen dynasty ’Chou’stack room and Han Nan files in Hanoi library. Combine and compare historical affairs in two countries (Chinese, Vietnamese)The basic structure of this paper as followed:The introduction part introduced main substance of Sino Viet relation, Vietnam scholars’research progress and my research directions. The research materials selected from Chin-Viet political document, some information is chosen from Nguyen dynasty’Chou’stack room and Han Nan files in Hanoi library. Combine and compare historical affairs in two countries (Chinese, Vietnamese) hope to support interrelated information for any other political history researchers.Chapter 1:From 1802 to 1885, the major research status on Sino Viet relationship. Introduced 1802-1885 Nguyen Dynasty’s economy political and society information, although this carding is surfaced, it consists of the following chapters of the knowledge base:the relationship in the Vietnamese side, this period of bilateral relations, due to this period in Vietnam economic, political and social conditions. In other words, the Nguyen Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty pursued Chinese bilateral diplomacy, mainly based on the reality of the Vietnamese domestic problems. Of course, from another perspective, new developments and new characteristics of this period in the bilateral relations, it will also affect the Vietnamese domestic economic, political and social aspects to a great extentChapter 2 is entitled the development and evolution of 1802 to 1885 years of the Qing Dynasty and the Nguyen Dynasty diplomatic relations. This chapter mainly use the collections of the Hanoi research institutions in Vietnam an important source of information based, supplemented by historical documents China, systematically summarizes and outlines bilateral diplomatic relations between 1802 to 1885 of Nguyen Dynasty and Qing Dynasty, tries to clarify a diplomatic relations between the two countries during this period the integrity of the clues. On the other hand, it can also show the evolution process and stage characteristics of diplomatic relations between the two countries in the same period.Chapter 3 entitled:1802-1885 between Vietnam and China tributary canonized and problems. This is the core problem this thesis to study. I use a lot of first-hand materials, focusing on the Vietnam tributary of the Qing Dynasty during this period, what is the Nguyen Dynasty’s operation, and the Qing Dynasty in Vietnam and many problems such as to how to proceed, through the empirical study, in order to restore the historical phase. At the same time, the author also tries to the nature of this period and the tributary canonized the bilateral diplomatic relations, put forward their own views.The conclusion part focus on the basis of summing up, on the history of diplomatic relations between Vietnam and China 1802-1885, put forward some general conclusions. Including:The main measures consolidate the bilateral relations to Vietnam Nguyen, mainly by the following three ways:first, regularly sent messengers bear the important mission to Beijing, in consultation with the communication with the Qing Dynasty; second, the government sent Commissioner to the Qing Dynasty in related areas, to solve the practical affairs of specific work; third to communicate through diplomatic documents.Through the study, this paper found that, in series of diplomatic activities between Vietnam and Qing Dynasty, the officials sent messengers frequently. Diplomatic activities mainly use documents. According to statistics, at least 63 Vietnamese messengers were submitted to the emperors of the Qing Dynasty. At present, these literatures were preserved in Hanoi Nguyen Zhu of the library. The Nguyen dynasty recorded in the text by 173 Hannan diplomatic documents, mostly about Nguyen-Qing on bilateral diplomatic activities. In addition, the "South Vietnam" and "record of the Qing Dynasty" save a lot of historical data of bilateral diplomatic relations. I summarize the total information; the Department received a total of 383 diplomatic documents to the Nguyen Dynasty of Qing dynasty,55 complete. These documents from Hanoi "Zhu the library, there are 173 complete documents from the relevant books in Hannan records, there are 21 general documents from the South" record "and" clear record " other related documents. There are 383 diplomatic documents complete and clearly reflects the diplomatic relations between the Qing Dynasty and the Nguyen Dynasty during this period. Especially in some major diplomatic activities between the two sides, including the Nguyen Dynasty pursued foreign policy, can it get a clear presentation? These diplomatic documents is an important academic contribution of this thesisAfter analyze tribute and canonization relations between the two countries, my research conclusion is:although tribute and canonization of the Nguyen Dynasty followed by basic order of China, but this does not mean Nguyen gave up their sovereignty and independence. On the contrary, throughout the 1802-1885 years of Nguyen Qing history, Nguyen is still in a position to maintain and stand on one’s own, strengthen the diplomatic relations with the Qing dynasty peacefully.