Study On Modern Chinese Writers’ Autobiography

Chinese modern autobiographical literature came into being in the late 1920 s, it has become a part to be reckoned with in modern literature since the May Fourth Movement. Before and after the 1930 s, with Hu Shi’s Forty readme, Guo’s Moruo autobiography, Yu Dafu’s Autobiography,Shen’s Congwen autobiography and Bajin autobiography, Luyin autobiography,Ziping autobiography, Qinwen autobiography, Lin Yutang autobiography as the representative, constituted the first peak of Chinese modern autobiographical literature. As the creation subjects, modern autobiographies’ writers painted a history of modern Chinese society scroll, heart and custom picture from individual perspective, showing the growth and mentality experience of modern Chinese intellectuals, these works constituted a fresh vivid picture of modern literary world. Modern autobiographies were both the product of zeitgeist pursuit of individual liberation, but also to the social, especially the young generation to further emancipate personality had a profound impact, they have become important resource since the autobiographical literature development on the new period.Chinese modern autobiography produced under the large background of Westerly Learning. New Culture Movement made the shackles of disintegration of traditional culture and institutions, great release of personalized, self-rediscovery, the liberation of people claimed to a certain extent self-expression, self-publicity, such a request with the haphazard external conditions, gave birth to the modern autobiography. Researchers have always considered the ancient Chinese has no tradition about autobiography, but with the outstanding work Six Chapters of A Floating Life as the representative was still the important national cultural resource with modern autobiography occurred. The ancient autobiography widespread in the 1920 s,combining with Western autobiography translation. It formed as a force factor and preheated for our modern autobiographical debut. Some advocates of the theory, Western autobiography translators and publishers together made a similar "midwife" type of contribution for the occurrence of modern autobiography.Writing autobiography needs impulse and motion, the reasons of modern writers mostly in the middle age that is just interested in autobiographical writing, on the one hand, they have the understanding of importance for literary autobiography and literary consciousness of opening up new paths; the other hand, because these autobiographical writers are the new "cultural heroes" emerged out of the new Culture Movement, they have the potential awareness to confirm this new "culture heroes" status and to further construct the cultural power of discourse through autobiography; and third, there is a driving force to write autobiography to solve their survival oppression and breakthrough the literary repression.The unification of historic and literariness is a dual nature of modern autobiography, is also a dual pressure on autobiographical writers, it is not be easy to maintain a organic balance of both sides. As a writer makes this problem with a better solution conditions, but truly a masterpiece of both organic balance remains limited number. Autobiography is also the process of author learning how to dialogue, deal with and contend between "Now I" and "past me",it carried out to confirm and construct the self identity of the author. Modern writers often revolve around a subject identity in their autobiographies, display multiple and complex image, and thus constitute a rich circular character, rather than a flat one. Modern writers’ autobiographies also bear a clear feature, which is the childhood narrative’s richness, confession or exposed discourse’s sincere and bold, and is also an important aspect of modern autobiographies reflects its modernity.A considerable part of the modern writers’ autobiographies are one of the masterpieces of their literary creation, these autobiographies are rich in literary history, but in the modern history of the existing literature are difficult to find autobiographies’ status. Main reason for this misalignment is Genre chauvinism in vogue and long-term genre discrimination, but also because of an insufficient number of classic works of modern autobiographies, resulting literary historian disregard autobiographies and entire autobiographical literature.Text reading of modern autobiographies is still insufficient. Hu Shi’s Forty readme, Guo’s Moruo autobiography, Shen’s Congwen autobiography are representative works of the modern writers’ autobiographies, Xiao Hong ’s Hulan River is a text controversial work the long-standing, it will be incorporated into a modern perspective to study autobiographies although tentative, but to expand autobiography research is meaningful. In this paper, the above-mentioned four autobiographies positioned as the transition works,mature works, classic and specificity ones of modern autobiographical literature,to carry out text reading and case studies by contacting the authors of the autobiographies and autobiographical concept creation situation. Forty readme was the most influential works, but its historic and literary division was the most prominent; Moruo autobiography, because of its large-scale, rich in content and literary means diversity and complexity, become the focus of study; Congwen autobiography was very unique,with the content and form, both at that time and later ages have gained widespread high praise; Hulan River was regarded as material storage both by researchers and biographers in Xiao Hong’s life research, as Xiao Hong’s own childhood memoir interpretation has its own reason, it was totally unnecessary for us to fear as a autobiography will affect its literary position. To explore this several representative works of each characteristic is a focus of the case study.Before and after the 1930 s, modern autobiography have gone through a short period of high tide, to the 20 th century was ushered in a second development. But Chinese autobiographical literature both classical works, or its literary status, and its the contribution of "way out to the open literature," compared with the rise of worldwide "Non-Fiction" Literature trend is not enough, modern Chinese autobiography remains to be continued regenerate.