The Finance Of People’s Livelihood:Governments Transformation And Changes In Governance In China

The most distinctive feature of the CPC and governments’governance can be summarized with the word "livelihood" during the new era. Attention to people’s livelihood, regarding people’s livelihood, guarantee people’s livelihood, improving people’s livelihood is increasingly becoming the starting point and goal of the CPC and governments of all levels in all the work; and it was first proposed to "build service-oriented government" on Sixth Plenary Session of16th CPC Central Committee, then further clarified the basic connotation of building a service-oriented government in the subsequent report of17th CPC National Congress. But whether the governments guarantee and improving people’s livelihood or the transformation to a service-oriented government, there must be "action" to reflect, which is government finance only. Optimization and adjustment of the structure of fiscal expenditure is increasingly tilted to the people’s livelihood-type structure of expenditures, while the construction of service-oriented government be highlighted the service functions through the optimal adjustment of the structure of fiscal expenditure has been steadily advancing.County government is the research platform in this paper, and its fiscal spending is research angle, through which explore the changes from "building finance" to "people’s livelihood finance", and how to ensure people’s livelihood finance or the protection of people’s livelihood tendency expenditure structure, it is needed to review the actual operations of financial income-source protection-financial management-system oriented democracy and publicity, and then to make judgments on the government’s fiscal future development trend investigated on the basis of expenditure, fiscal revenue and financial management. Now, the empirical research part of the paper has ended, it is more important to theoretic discussion the transformation and changes on governance-Tao behind the people’s livelihood, which is needed to combine empirical analysis, and finally, accordingly obtains the conclusions of this paper and try to do the upgrade of the theories.According to the above research ideas, on the basis of the description,\analysis and demonstration of the seven parts in this article, there are several main aspects of the important conclusion and found as follow:1. There are "non-equilibrium effects" existed in financial expenditure, the transformation, from "construction finance"to "people’s livelihood finance ", stay in the figures of the financial expenditure statements only, the quality of people’s livelihood finance can’t be guaranteed by external figures. However, non-equilibrium effects of fiscal expenditure will lead to non-equilibrium effects of constitutes of the basis of legitimacy,that is, from the recognition of the creation of wealth to the identity of fair distribution of wealth.2. It is happened that the financial base of Nan County people’s livelihood finance "displacement" upward, which means that the country has become increasingly support important task of the local (especially the grass roots government) financial spending of the people’s livelihood tendencies, and it is consedered that the supply of basic public services is undergoing changes in country-driven, which happened in counties, such as Nan County and similar level governments.3.The initiatives in the disclosure of government information (especially the opening of the network on "financial preparation of openness in government affairs" which is under the unified arrangements in Hubei Province) benefit ordinary people, it indeed reflects the government’s progress from the theory separated to screen separated,however, the public access to government information is still in absolute disadvantaged.4.Through the investigation and analysis of fiscal expenditures, fiscal revenue and financial management of Nan County, combined with the concept of "governance-Tao" and " politics-Tao " in the end of this article, imitated bring forward "finance-Tao", which the most characterized is its emphasis on "political factors".5.The construction of service-oriented government in China may experience at least "two-step" path. The first step is the transformation from economic construction government to public service oriented government, the core embodiment of this step is to build the "fiscal equals powers" oriented people’s livelihood finance; and then through the people’s livelihood finance to the democratic finance, and the latter is the fundamental guarantee of the transformation from public service oriented government to service-oriented government.6.Through the investigation of governance-Tao and its changes in traditional China and new China(four "rule"), combined with the empirical analysis of Nan County and fiscal revenue and expenditure in Chinese traditional period, it is advanced several theories between governance-Tao and finance-Tao:finance-Tao means theory to governance-Tao、finance-Tao political theory to governance-Tao、finance-Tao exclusive theory to governance-Tao under Chinese characteristics, and, with whose framework, finance-Tao short board theory to governance-Tao, and, developed according to which, governance-Tao hierarchy theory to finance-Tao, which is the "governance-edition" Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory.