Research On The People's Livelihood Finance Since The Establishment Of People's Republic Of China

In 2013,the Third Plenary Session of the 18 th Communist Party of China Central Committee proposed that finance was the foundation and important pillar of state governance,raising finance to the basic,supportive and institutional level of state governance,which shows that the state regulates the interests of all parties through the distribution of financial resources,and promotes the sound economic and social development is of great significance for the current development problems.Since the Party 's 19 th National Congress was held in 2017,the practice of people's livelihood has made progress in stages,and outstanding problems have been alleviated.However,contradictions in the field of education,health,real estate and so on still exist,and the unbalanced and inadequate development is not enough to satisfy the people's ever-growing needs for a better life.In the HDI(Human Development Index)ranked in the Human Development Report released by the United Nations in 2017,the Development Index of China is the 90 th,and the economic and social development is seriously unbalanced.China is the fastest economic development among developing countries but ranked lower.In order to meet the contradiction between the people's livelihood needs for a better life and the insufficient supply of livelihood products,people's livelihood finance has emerged as a new practice mode in the financial field.At present,academic researches on people's livelihood finance are still in the initial stage,and the systematic theoretical analysis structure has not yet been formed.Based on the existing achievements,this dissertation makes a theoretical analysis of the related concepts and theories of the people's livelihood finance,and further points out that the people's livelihood finance is under the socialist market economy system.In order to improve people's livelihood,increase fiscal spending on finance,education,social security and employment,health care,affordable housing and environmental protection in the five areas of people's livelihood to improve and enhance people's livelihood,in order to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas and regions,which is a new fiscal framework that allows all people to share the results of development.Furthermore,this dissertation sorts out the thoughts of people's livelihood finance contained in the theory of finance and people's livelihood in ancient and modern China and foreign countries.From the perspective of the comprehensive development of human beings,Marx exposed the essence of exploitation through the critique of bourgeois finance,highlighting the superiority of constructing livelihood finance in the new era.Further digging the source of the people's livelihood and financial thoughts in the traditional history of China,from the “enriching the people” thoughts of the philosophers to “the Principle of people's livelihood” of Sun Yat-sen,they all contained the thoughts of people's livelihood finance.Although there is no concept of people's livelihood under the discourse system of western economics,from classical political economics to public product theory,they all argued that the government should assume the responsibility of improving social welfare,thereby increasing fiscal expenditure and other views,providing relevant theories for people's livelihood finance.This dissertation sorts out the evolution process of people's livelihood finance since the establishment of People's Republic of China,and strives to explore its internal logic to provide relevant experience for the construction of people's livelihood finance in the new era.Although people's livelihood finance was proposed in the current social background,as early as the founding of New China and the comprehensive deepening of reforms entered a new stage,the Party and the state in order to improve people's livelihood,many of the measures proposed in the financial field are essentially practicing people's livelihood finance Practice mode.The people's livelihood finance has undergone the development and evolution from “dining and dressing” people's livelihood finance,“subsistence and well-off” people's livelihood finance,and “better life” people's livelihood finance,though people's livelihood finances in different periods have different development methods,but they are all in a specific historical context,the party and the practical exploration of the country to solve the people's livelihood issues has laid a practical foundation for the future development of the people's livelihood finance in the new era.At present,the practice of people's livelihood finance is still in the process of constructing the framework,there are quite a few problems and deficiencies,such as people's livelihood finance expenditure accounts for a small proportion of the total fiscal expenditure,unevenly distributed,the imbalance between urban and rural areas and regions,also between central and local governments is severely imbalanced.Due to the inadequate supervision of the people's livelihood finance in the use process,which affects the efficiency of the use of people's livelihood funds,the people's livelihood gap is still large.The reason can be summarized as that the traditional development concept has not kept up with the economic and social development situation and cannot meet the people's livelihood needs for a better life.The imperfect and inaccurate construction of the financial system has affected the practical validity of the people's livelihood finance and system.Restrictions in this area have aggravated the imbalance and inadequacy of people's livelihood and financial development.The improvement of people's livelihood finance in the new period is a complex systematic project,which can not only rely on increasing expenditure on people's livelihood,but also embed the concept of shared development into the framework of the construction of people's livelihood to realize shared development in the people's livelihood.Strengthen and improve the financial system,innovate budgeting combined with people's livelihood needs,improve people's livelihood financial supervision mechanism and expenditure performance evaluation mechanism.Promote related institutional reforms,try to clarify the relationship between the market and the government,clarify the boundaries between the government and the market,and promote the urban-rural coordination process,in order to clear the institutional barriers to improve people's livelihood and finance.