Nationality Autonomous County Government At The County Level Study Of Rural Basic Public Service Supply

Study on basic public services supplied by the county government in rural areas in ethnic minority autonomous counties is an important program in the field of public management research of minority autonomous counties in China. As a result of lagging of economic and social development, harsh natural environment, special demand of ethnic minority autonomous counties, the capacity of government supply and other reasons, there is a gap not only between rural areas of ethnic minority autonomous counties and the rest of China in supply of basic public services, but between supply and actual demand by residents in ethnic minority autonomous counties. If such gaps widens further, it would be a negative effect on the construction of-harmonious society and stability and unity of ethnic minority autonomous counties. It was proposed that solving well problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers would be the priority in18th CPC National Congress. In addition, the government has continuously released policy documents for solving these issues.This study will solve the current problems in basic public service supply in rural areas in ethnic minority autonomous counties, put forward some countermeasures and suggestions, improve effectiveness of supply, narrow down the gap between rural areas in ethnic minority autonomous counties and other areas, and promote service-oriented reform of the local government in ethnic minority autonomous counties. Firstly, under the background of the times looking for realization of integration of basic public services in urban and rural areas, we present a theoretical analysis framework of basic public services supply from county government in rural areas of ethnic minority autonomous counties, which features theories of new public service, public goods, public choice and governance. It was developed through studying and referring works on demand and supply of rural public products, applying comprehensively science of public management, politics, and administration management, as well as theory of public goods supply, combining with qualitative and quantitative analysis methods, macroscopic and microcosmic analysis. Secondly, we conduct an in-depth empirical research in demand and supply of basic public services in rural areas of ethnic minority autonomous counties through field survey, analyze current problems in basic public services supply in rural areas in ethnic minority autonomous counties, figure out root cause, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions towards existing problems, combined with factors affecting demand and supply of basic public services supplied by county-government in rural areas in ethnic minority autonomous counties.In this paper through study on basic public services supplied by county government in rural areas of ethnic minority autonomous counties, we draws the following conclusion:First, basic public services in rural areas include not only pure public goods but also quasi-public goods, which are non-exclusive, hyper-non-competitive of consumption and externality. Second, its publicity will be decreased when supply region of public goods in rural areas was narrow down. Considering regional characteristics of basic public services supplied by county government in rural areas of ethnic minority autonomous counties, various models, which including market mechanism, should be accepted in supplying basic public services in rural areas combined with region characteristics of supplying public goods in rural areas. The investment returns cycle of basic public services supplied by the county government in rural areas of ethnic minority autonomous counties is various. Some basic public services need investment returns period, even some are quiet Long. Governments usually prefer to invest basic public services with short-payback period and evident effect, on the contrary, tend to evade public services with long-payback period and immediate effect. Therefore, county government should make decision with a strategic vision instead of a short one, which focusing on short-term basic public services with quick profits, and ignoring basic public services in popular demand, which require long-term investment, when some basic public services in rural areas is supplied. Basic public services supply by county government in rural areas of ethnic minority autonomous counties should be demand-oriented, and meet the demands of rural residents, which requires establishment of a truly effective demand expression mechanism for farmers; To improve the effectiveness of basic public services supplied by county government in rural areas of ethnic minority autonomous counties, in one hand, national government should reform financial system and binary supply system in institutional level, on other hand, as the actual subject of supplying basic public services, county government should reform in many aspects to promote the supply capacity. Basic public services supplied by the county government in rural areas of ethnic minority autonomous counties should pursue equalization of supply in order to achieve social equality and justice. At present, non-equalization is mainly reflected in differences between urban and rural areas. Therefore, governments should integrate basic public services in urban and rural areas through overall development of urban and rural areas. Through the empirical study, compared with the general rural areas, demand and supply of basic public services supplied by county government in rural areas shows more nationality characteristic in cost in aspect of supply, and in public cultural services in aspect of demand.