A Study On The Mongolia-China Relationship In The21Century

Mongolia and the People’s Republic of China are neighboring countries in territoryand the Mongolian Sino relationship ranks as an important one between countries. Afterthe collapse of the Soviet Union in1991, Mongolia has redetermined its foreign policy,and the Mongolian Sino relationship continues as a friendly neighborly relationshipfollowing international legal basis.Especially since the2003, the two countries established a good-neighborlypartnership of mutual trust; it is developing in various fields such as political, economic,military, cultural, etc, and to enhance the strategic partnership in2011. This hasconsisted in the interest of two countries people, has provided an opportunity todevelop together, as well as the relationship between the two countries is goingthrough the most favourable term in history.In this dissertation, I aimed to research the development of Mongolian-Sinorelations since the21stcentury, and to analyze in the issues on two countriesrelationship, to put forward countermeasures and recommendations. Therefore, I usedgeo-political theory, theory of comparative empirical research methods and analysismethods, based on official documents the two countries have signed, other scholars’research, and resources and archives for Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Mongolia.Mongolia-China relations is an important research topic of contemporary internationalrelations, this paper will further promote research in the21stcentury. Relations between Mongolia and the Mongolian-Chinese relationship as stable and healthy developmentplay a constructive role. This article consists of4chapters.In first chapter, I studied about the changes in the international situation andthe Mongolian foreign policy after the Cold War. Mongolian government has conductedthe multi pillared foreign policies which are based on geographical features and the newgeopolitical conditions. In1994, the concept of National Security and the Concept ofForeign Policy were ratified by Mongolian Parliament and determined Mongolianforeign policy system. According to the Concept of Foreign policy of Mongolia, thegoal was to drop single pillar policy adhered to in the term of Cold War, to adhere to theNon-Aligned and to be a neutral nation policy, to implement a balanced foreignrelations with Russia and People’s Republic of China. As well as, actively developingwith the United States, European Union, Japan and other developed Western countries,“third neighbors " strategic policy diplomacy. In this new concept of foreign policy,Mongolia (2011) has focused to maintain friendly relations with the Russian Federationand the People’s Republic of China as the primary goal of Mongolia ’s foreign policyand balanced interaction with them, according to the principles of good-neighborlinessand wide-ranging development cooperation".The second chapter, I studied about the evolution of the development of relationsbetween Mongolia and People’s Republic of China in the early2000s. This papersystematically analyzes the development process of the Mongolian–Sino relations.Think Mongolian-Sino relations can be divided into three stages: the first stage isMongolia good-neighborly and friendly relations and cooperation period; second stageis the period of Mongolia good-neighborly relations and mutual trust; third stage is theperiod of the strategic partnership between Mongolia and People’s Republic of China.With the development of Mongolia good-neighborly friendship and mutually beneficialcooperation between Mongolia the exchanges and cooperation in the fields of politics, economy, military, culture, constantly develop and deepen. Now, Mongolia is in thebest period of development, Mongolia established a political and legal basis for thestrategic partnership, the increasingly frequent political exchanges, deepening politicalmutual trust, expanding economic and trade cooperation, military and culturalexchanges in various fields have become closer, and laid a solid foundation for thestable and healthy development of Mongolian-Sino relations in the21stcentury.The third chapter, I studied the development of comprehensive cooperationbetween Mongolia and People’s Republic of China. This part, features an in-depthstudy of the cooperation between Mongolia and the political, economic, military, andcultural fields. Through research it shows that Mongolia and China have established acomprehensive partnership, cooperation in various fields has expanded and deepened,becoming an important support in the development of the strategic partnership betweenMongolia and China. Firstly, the political relations between the two countries; Mongoliagood-neighborly partnership of mutual trust and positive development of the strategicpartnership.Secondly, the economic relations, Mongolia and China are growing economic andtrade relations; China has become Mongolia’s largest trading partner and investor.China’s rapid economic development of Mongolia’s economy has created very favorableconditions. Mongolia on the basis of the principle of mutual benefit, actively attractslarge Chinese enterprises to invest in the mining industry of Mongolia, Mongolia andChina to strengthen cooperation in investment and resources development and otherfields. Third, in terms of military security, Mongolia and China continue to trust in themilitary field to strengthen military ties which have become closer. At the same time,Mongolia bilateral and multilateral mechanisms such as the Shanghai CooperationOrganization, international counter-terrorism, non-proliferation, combatingtransnational crimes, grassland and forest fires and prevent disease outbreaks receive active cooperation. Fourth, Mongolia is very active in cultural exchanges, which forenhancing mutual understanding and friendship between the two peoples has set up abridge. Chinese government offers a number of free aid in Mongolia to developMongolian culture and education, absorbs Mongolian students to study in China, andpromotes cultural exchanges between the two countries. Chinese Cultural Center,established in Mongolia for the conduct of the Confucius Institute has played an activerole in cultural exchanges.In Chapter four, I suggested my ideas about Mongolia-Sino relations problems andcountermeasures. Mongolian-Sino relations on the basis of stable and healthydevelopment of the Mongolia-China relations also need to focus on some problems. Inthis regard mainly for the "China threat theory","Dalai Lama","Taiwan issue",Mongolian economic and trade relations and other issues that arise. This paper analyzesthe performance of these problems, root causes; and policy recommendations for bothsides to solve these problems. Finally, the prospects for the evelopment of Mongolian-Sino relations were discussed and considered Mongolia to further deepen the strategicpartnership, strengthen cooperation and investment in Mongolia and infrastructureconstruction, and promote trust and Mongolian military cooperation in non-traditionalsecurity areas will be the development of Mongolian-Sino relations three key areas.Currently, Mongolian-Sino relations in the best period in history, and constantlyenhancing mutual political trust, economic cooperation and trade into the unprecedentedrapid development track, expanding military and cultural exchanges, increasinglyactive non-governmental exchanges closely in international and regional affairs.Mongolia and China will need to follow the correct treatment and attention to thedevelopment of relations between the two countries in solving various problems: fromhighly developed strategic partnership between Mongolia, promoting Mongolia good-neighborly friendship and mutually beneficial cooperation ties, jointly safeguarding peace and stability in Northeast Asia, and promoting Mongolia, China and NortheastAsia economic development and prosperity for the benefit of both countries and peoples.