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A Study On Public Opinion Activities Of NGOs In Emergencies

Posted on:2015-09-01Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:M WeiFull Text:PDF
GTID:1226330428966011Subject:Journalism
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The rise of "Global Association Revolution" marks that non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in western society have become an independent force, and participated in social activities since the1980s or1990s. It is generally believed that NGOs are the product of both government and market failure in the western society. NGOs made up for the inadequacy of market and government. NGOs’the breadth and depth, quantity and quality in providing public services is beyond government and market’s reach, especially in the provision of public services, NGOs are more diversified and personalized, which are unique advantages. At the same time, NGOs play an irreplaceable role in the expression of citizen interests and dissemination of values and public spirit, etc.With deepening of social transformation in China, social interests’differentiation also aggravates gradually. Pluralism and differentiation in interests brings increasing social contradictions, China has lain on the threshold of emergencies. At the same time, social differentiation provides activity space for NGOs. The practice of civil society in western countries has proved that NGOs can not only provide public services and products for the society, make up for the inadequacy of government and market, but also can play an important role in guiding public opinion and resolving social contradictions.Because there are many differences in social structure, political system and cultural background between our country and the western, the theory of civil society in China is still in the argument and experimental stage. On the one hand, the reform of administrative system does not reach the designated position, the government boycotts decentralization of power to the society, and keep away NGOs’activities, because of worrying about possible damages to the political power of the ruling party and government’s interests; On the other hand, the development of NGOs are not sufficient, the consciousness of participation in social life is not strong. Especially, NGOs are not very familiar with the contents and ways of public opinion guidance, which limits the NGO’s public opinion guidance ability. This study tries firstly exploring the possibility and space of participating in public opinion guidance while providing public services; Secondly, it tries exploring the channels, ways and skills in which NGOs cooperate with the public, government and media; Thirdly, it will discuss a possible mechanism under which the government, NGOs and the media cooperate to deal with emergencies, guide public opinion and maintain social stability.The public is the object of the public opinion guide. The government, media and NGOs must communicate their opinion to the public, and public opinion really works. In an era of diversification, the public’s interests, hobbies and values has the trend of differentiation, if NGOs want to guide public opinion, it is necessary to study the interests of the public, and to find the way to get close to public interests, hobbies and values.The media is one of the largest institutions of public opinion in modern society. Media are always on behalf of the public opinion, guiding, communicating and moulding public opinion. If NGOs want to guide the public opinion, they must co-operate with modern media, and get support from the media. NGOs should set up specialized information release mechanism in the organizational structure, train and reserve media talents, improve the organization’s media literacy and develop media resources.The cooperation with the government are the premise condition that NGOs can "legally exist", and can give full play to the ability of public opinion guide. The relationship between government and NGOs may be partnerships, may also be competitive or adversarial relationship. NGOs should strengthen the cooperation with the government, obtain the governments’trust and legal status, and expand the space of public opinion. The government should not only strengthen the legislative work and administrative management to NGOs, but also provide broad activity space for NGOs, confrontation in public opinion, even behaviorally, should be avoided between government and NGOs. Especially, when we encourage NGOs to guide public opinion in the emergency, attention must be paid to maintain national ideology security.Emergency often happens suddenly, and government, NGOs, and the media should establish normal contact mechanism, so that they can take part in emergency management timely, which requires the government and NGOs should be set up relevant information release department in the emergency management agency, and combined action mechanism should be established between the government, the media and NGOs. Management synergy mechanism (MSM) contains synergy subject, synergy object, synergy purpose and synergy means, synergy information, synergy environment, etc. and corresponding guarantee mechanism should be set up in every link, which also need actively explore effective collaborative way between the three main-bodies.
Keywords/Search Tags:emergency, public opinion activities, non-governmental organization, synergy mechanism, civil society
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