The Effectiveness Of Government

The effective government is a kind of system resource, which is a key condition of promoting a country’s modernization and winning element of the state soft power competition in future. To explore what the government effectiveness is, how to improve the effectiveness of government, how the effective government construction will be are great and necessary subjects of the theory and reform of government’ governance research. In essence, the government effectiveness is a value of the government. From the view of value theory of Marxism, the government effectiveness is generated from the interaction between the public and the government. The government effectiveness refers to that the government takes the efficiency and legitimate administrative action to manage social public affairs, the process and results of which in what degree is consistent with the requirements of the public. Thus, the fundamental destination the real government effectiveness is the public. Administrative is the realistic field of the interactive value relationship between the public and the government, which is the basis of the study on government effectiveness. At the same time, politics provide the premise framework for the administration circulate. The modern democracy has established the public’s subject position in concept and state system, which has provided the basic premise for the construction of government real effectiveness. In the modern democratic political framework, public administration is to become the basic political process of constructing and promoting the government effectiveness.By applying the approach of the theory of political and administrative dichotomy, the traditional public administration put the definition of public interest out of the administrative research field. The administration is regarded as a technical process of value neutrality. And, the government internal organizational efficiency is viewed as the key indicator of the government effectiveness. On the basis that the government is the single subject in public affairs governance, the traditional public administration is committed to enhance the effectiveness of the government through exploring effective organizational procedures and principles of organizational management. The new public management identity the research approach "into the society", which taken by new public administration and other schools, abandoning the theory of political and administrative dichotomy. The new public management regarded government as the manager of the public affairs governance process, viewing the results of the government administration as the key indicator of the government effectiveness. The manager focuses on result. The key to achieve results is that government must meet the demand of customers on the political market. Only in this can improve the organization’s "benefit". And, the customer oriented "benefit" has become the key index on the investigation of the effectiveness of government in the view of the new public management. Hence, from the "effective management" not the "administrative" role, the new public management transcends the traditional public administration’ logic of constructing government effectiveness. At the same time, the new public management explored the relationship between government effectiveness and the governance structure, changing the single pattern of the governance structure through the new tool, such as contacting out of public service. But enterprise management tools and market concept are abused in the new public management, which has been attacked on value because of often ignoring the public-private distinction. The post new public management is more dependent on the political perspective, regarding public administration a political process embedded in the democracy, stressed that the government should play a participant role in the democratic governance system. And the government should take the public demand as guidance, meeting multiple requirements, such as democracy, justice efficiency, etc and continuously strengthening the interaction between their organizations and the public, promoting the development of network governance structure. Based on the analysis of the evolution logic of public administration theory on about the government effectiveness, we can find that the government should take the public as oriented, playing a more diverse and complex characters, construct a more flexible and open organization, more flexible and practical governance structure. In order to enhance the effectiveness of the government, three dimensions are the organic unity of construct closer relationships between the public and government, which will provide an important institutional guarantee for the political development, social progress and people’s happiness.