Study On Supply Mechanism Of Forest Park

The paper expands the theory of public goods to the research of forest park, analyzes the forest park supply mechanism as a public product, Strives analysis of each of the operation mechanism of the government, market and voluntary supply of forest park, clarifies the division of responsibilities of the government and non-governmental body in the supply, builds compound supply mechanism of forest park on economic and social transformation stage, realizes the effective supply of forest park, preliminary forms the framework of the theoretical analysis of the supply mechanism of the forest park, and provides a theoretical basis for a non-governmental body supply of forest park.The paper first reviewed the supply of public goods at home and abroad and foreign national park research literature, based on the theory of public goods, property rights theory expounded, analyze the forest park product property, and think that according to the characteristics of the Forest Park public, nonprofit, external supply diversification of its objectives, and exclusivity, congestion, etc, Forest Park can be considered as club goods or common-pool resources or pure public goods; The different characteristics of the product determines the different main supply and supply of institutional arrangements; The differences of the degree of realization of the objectives of the different supply exist. Through forest park in China supply system analysis of the arrangements status quo and efficiency evaluation, compared to the foreign national park supply institutional arrangements, this paper argues that the existing institutional arrangements can not achieve effective supply of forest park.The article respectively analyzes the government, market, the voluntary supply mechanism of forest park. Among them, through the analysis of government supply mechanism, this paper holds that the publicity, public welfare, the externality of forest park provides theory basis for the government supply, but as a result of the fuzzy boundaries on government responsibility, loss of competition mechanisms caused by monopoly,the finiteness on government ability and the incentive and supervisory mechanism is not sound, owing to the government supply of the forest park is inefficiency. It is the key to clear the government responsibilities and scope on supply of forest park for the effective supply; the exclusivity of forest park and the diversity of tourist demand provide the power for the supply of forest park by market; during the process of achieving the target of economic, the result of the economic motive in for-profit businesses market makes "the market failure", by often at the expense of the destruction of resources, ecological environment, and is hard to ensure social fairness, to eliminate the asymmetry of interest. The condition of the market mechanism to play an effective role is that property right clear and strong government regulation; Voluntary supply mechanism is voluntary and public welfare system arrangement, the development of civil society in the modern society provides the social basis for volunteer supply mechanism of forest park. And altruism, meet to the personal high level requirements, religious and cultural pursuit are the motivations of voluntary supply on forest park. Because voluntary organizations self-development is imperfect, government regulation is not in place, the social public awareness is not comprehensive, forest park volunteer in China is serious shortage of supply, the development and utilization have greater randpmness that lead to forest scenic resource protection difficult to implement, difficult to meet the needs of tourists. Perfecting the volunteer supply of forest park needs to build partnership of the government and voluntary organizations and strengthen voluntary organizations and broaden the financing channels of voluntary organizations.Finally, the compound supply mechanism of forest park is established. Owing to single supply of government, market, social organizations exists "failure" phenomenon, there is no possibility of achievement of the effective supply of forest park. Different stages of economic development, different regions, different types of forests parks development goals vary. The role of government, the market, the social and the organization and mode of action vary in supply of forest park, so we should be to build multivariate coordinating supply mechanisms play the advantage of the government, the market, social organizations in different regions, different type of forest park and product structure of supply, then ease the diversification policy objectives which may lead to conflict in a specific period of time, a specific area. In order to ensure the realization of the government’s policy objectives, when we mobilize main supply enthusiasm and initiative, we must regulate the behavior of the main resource protection and development and utilization, which can fulfill their respective responsibilities, bear the corresponding responsibility, share their interests, realize effective supply of forest park then promote the sustainable development of forest parks...