Research On The Vicissitude Of Pan-militarized Social Management In Contemporary China

With the beginning of21th century,"social management" became a high-frequency word phrase in the administrative discourse of the Communist Party of China(CPC), while policy expressions such as "enforcing and innovating social management" and "improving science of social management science" also frequently seen in various documents and newspapers. Meanwhile, researches social management eventually became a hot topic in academy of social sciences. On the basis of the academic studies, this dissertation intends to explore the social management of China from a new perspective, namely, to review the vicissitude of contemporary social management in China, so as to explore a path to step out the concealed social management order.Among the reasons why social management became an important policy theme, the most important one is that traditional social management model no longer coordinates with the current social development, and is triggering many contrasts and problems, which leads to the opening of policy windows. Focusing on the theme of vicissitude of social management, this dissertation adopts the theories such as materialist politics and political dialectics of Marxism, the Systematic Analysis of western politics as well as the Civil-Military Relations theory, combining them with Norm Analysis, experimental analysis, historical narration and game theory, and provides answers to questions of the generation, structure, drive of vicissitude as well as the future trend of social management, hoping to make some contribution to the knowledge resource of theory and practice of social management in contemporary China."How is society possible?" is the fundamental question for all the branches of social sciences."How did pan-militarized social management come into being" is also the fundamental question which this dissertation intends to answer. Under this circumstance, each political force took the development of its own military power as the most important thing. CPC also construct a unique kind of "Party-Army" relations, and regard "the party’s absolute leadership over the army" as the basic institutional design. This kind of Party-Army Relations Order enabled CPC to manifest an incomparable advantage in the competition with other political parties, but also developed a kind of Route-Reply on pan-militarization of CPC’s administration after the foundation of the People’s Republic of China (PRC). Under troublesome situation both at home and abroad, Party-Army relations expanded into social field through relative institution and personnel channel, thus impelled the forth-coming of pan-militarization of social management.The basic construction of pan-militarization of social management can be cognized from the following three aspects, namely conception, institution and action. Conception manifests mainly as the power-admiration enforced by absolute leadership, and Contending Philosophy generated by revolutionary thoughts. Institution manifests mainly as centralized leadership and multiple-dimension dualistic identity structure. Action displays itself mainly as mass-movement-typed social management. Forming an integrated system, the above-mentioned three aspects lay foundation for economic recovery as well as social stability. However, the intrinsic contrast gradually exposed and became the potential jeopardy to the stability of both country and society.With the implementation of Reform and Opening policy, the international and domestic situation experienced great changes, the basic condition on base of which the pan-militarized social management exists also changed a lot, resulting in the opening of the door of vicissitude. Vicissitude needs coordinating drive support. As for the pan-militarized social management system, the drive comes from both outside and inside the system. The drive outside the system refers to environmental change of pan-militarized social management. The establishment of peaceful development theme, the looseness of political control structure and the construction of Market Economy Order are chosen as variables in this research. Inner drive refers to the elementary reform of social management system. This dissertation adopts as research variables the awakening consciousness of right, the transformation of social structure and the differentiation of interest unification. Just with the joint function of inner and outer drive, new essentials which bear the characteristics of the epoch start to be implanted into pan-militarized social management.The vicissitude of pan-militarized social management also embodies in the above-mentioned three domains. The vicissitude trend in these three domain can be generalized as "man-oriented","cooperative game" and "multiplex coordination". Firstly, in conceptual field, the introduction of "man-oriented" sets the framework for the trend of pan-militarized social management, namely, reveals the subjectivity of people in social management, affirms the priority of society over country, establishes the protection of rights as the groundwork of stability maintenance, and positions the principle of compromise as the nature of social management task, and thus leads the vicissitude trend of pan-militarization social management to the respect and affirmation to realistic person. Secondly, at the institutional field,"cooperative game" is the inevitable outcome of social management in achieving public interest. However, to make the cooperation between the subject and object of social management possible, some conditions are necessary, which is confronted with some realistic obstacles. Therefore, it is necessary to achieve cooperation by correspondent institution supply, including institution attendance of commonality conscience, institution security of social impartiality and the institution support of negotiation democracy. With the perfection of institution, pan-militarization social management can turn from primitive control into cooperation. Finally, in action field,"multiplex coordination" is the extension of the theory of Pluralist Democracy and Governance Theory in social management field, only by the coordination of multi-subjects, can centralized action of traditional social management be broken. Therefore, the assertion of function orientation of multi-subject and the construction of governing network of multi-subject is necessary to accomplish coordination and to ameliorate the action pattern of social management subject.