Research On The Formation And Development Of Teaching Principles Used By GX Experiment

GX experiment stands for "the educational reform experiment aimed to improve classroom efficiency of junior middle school mathematics instruction" ("G", "X" represent the initials of the Pinyin Gao Xiao,which means high efficiency). The experiment was formally put forward and carried out by Mr. Chen Zhongmu, and Professor Song Naiqing in 1992, with "reduction of learning burden and improvement of the education quality" as its core. It is an integrated mathematics teaching reform experiment by combining education thought, teaching material and teaching methodology. The essential teaching principles of GX can be showed by the 32-character, which are "Progress promptly in contents while review constantly; Prioritize the essence of mathematics while de-focalize the presentation of forms; Go straight to the point and make connections of relevant issues; Practice before lecturing, teacher and students working together" The thought of "Prioritize the essence of mathematics while defocalize the presentation of forms" and "Promote the efficiency within the 45 minutes classroom " by GX experiment has exerted extensive influence and penetrated into mathematics education. The "National long-term development plan for education and reform" has specifically pointed out that "Students are overloaded by the pressure of learning in middle and primary school...and the school must actually release pressure of learning in middle and primary school ". However, the contemporary mathematics curriculum reform is far from satisfactory with the fact that both teachers and students are overburdened. Therefore it is a great necessity to excavate the teaching concepts in the experiment for better inheritance.The development of mathematics education is the process of a series of teaching reforms, which has constituted the mathematics education history. Looking back at the long history of mathematics teaching of history, we have found out that the history of teaching is not achieved through current teaching cause, but the converse is true. Traditional teaching and history is much more profound and systematic than we thought, as it is composed of the accumulated wisdom from our antecedents and therefore is the "source" and "power" of mathematics development. The prejudice and defect in the understanding of the current mathematics curriculum reform and the problems involved are partly caused by the ignorance of the experience of the previous reforms, thus causing the partition of the history of mathematic teaching reforms. It is obvious that we are not able to inherit the wisdom of our antecedents, and we might even get lost, if we cannot date back to the history.This research is to explore the development of the principles conveyed by GX experiment from the perspective of quality education, so as to provide some reference and enlightenment for mathematical teaching reform. This study focuses on and centers around the essence the 32 Characters of GX, applying the following research methods:survey, historical method, case study, and literature analysis. Covering education theory and the reform theory in two dimensions, the study attempts to investigate the related teaching issues concerning the mathematics curriculum reform.In addition to the introduction, literature review and conclusion, the article consists of 6 chapters and can be divided into three main parts. The first part consists Chapter4,5, and 6, which are conducted referring to the framework of education reform stage theory. We hold that four phases, brewing, starting, implement, improvement form the history of GX teaching reform. For each stage of the development of the research, firstly we comb affected factors of every phase, analyzing the GX experiment teaching development in the context of education reform, and have then reflected on two important issues, what to innovate and how to innovate. Dimensions in the analysis of educational theory, mainly in contemporary quality education as the domain, the origin of the comb every stage of development of experimental teaching principles GX content and features, described What are the principles of GX experimental teaching at each stage; Secondly, the analysis on the theoretical dimension of reform, the main idea of the GX experimental teaching principles, initiating, implementing and upgrading of the course, peep the practice of reform strategies and methods. Based on the analysis of two dimensions, the study systematically investigate the teaching the principles by the GX experiment from the perspective of gather the scattered, from text books to teaching, to teaching materials and teaching methods, combining the reform of teaching content and practice of experimental methods and strategies used by the GX experiment. Through the convergence of education reform events, we restore the formation and development process of the GX experimental teaching principles, and construct the overview outlook of the teaching principles by the GX experiment from the perspective of mathematic view, mathematic teaching view, mathematic learning view.The seventh chapter is the second part, mainly on the experimental method of GX experiment Since the GX experiment is a mathematics teaching experiment, therefore the discussion is conducted from two dimensions, one is through the mathematics education research paradigm and the other is from the teaching experimental perspective. We try to answer the question about the scientific issues and methodological issues asked by researchers.The eighth chapter is the third part. The main content is about the enlightenments for the curriculum reform, such as instruction reform should recognize the formational style of the math, construct the knowledge system of the math, make the concept into actual form as teaching materials and methods, promote the classroom teaching efficiency to ensure students that have enough free time outside classroom and break through the actual difficulty of releasing students’ pressure, emphasize the math while working on the teacher training so as to promote the mathematical attainment. Rethinking on the teaching principles used by GX experiment need the further research on the theoretical and empirical aspects and reinforces the spread and development of the teaching principles used by GX experiment.Innovation of the research mainly lies in three aspects. To begin with, first hand data have been applied to investigate the development stages and thoughts conveyed of GX experiment. Then, a number of research methods as historical research method, research method, combined with the method of bibliometrics have been efficiently used in the study and a panoramic picture of GX has enfolded before us. The methodology and strategies applied by GX have been discovered and generalized, which has not been done by all the other researches in the field. Finally, we have found in the study will contribute to the teaching cause of Chinese mathematical teaching and the conclusion we have drawn will surely provide some enlightenments to the current mathematics teaching reform.It is no denying that some problems and weaknesses still exist in this study, such as the materials collected about the GX experiment is not complete, the theoretical analysis of the materials of the GX experiment is not enough, and questions about how to inherit and develop the teaching principles emphasized by GX experiment and how to deepen the development of GX experiment are need more research which are I will do in the following study.