| Adolescent stage training effect determines how the tennis player’s future competitive level will be, tennis player’s training is a system project. What is the China’s young tennis player cultivation situation? How can promote China’s young tennis player competitive level to rapidly increase and all-round development, became an important problem that we need to research.Through about tennis training study we conclude that:1. lack of the empirical and comprehensive system research of teenagers tennis player cultivation; 2. the existing research cannot get rid of the insufficient limit of theoretical support, lack of depth and the foresight about the understanding of the problems; 3.the problem that how to optimize different training mode efficiency, need further research; 4.existing research on youth tennis training system study is less,there are a series of problems remaining to study; 5. To the contradictions between the format and learning has a certain amount of research, but how to perfect the current format, how to reduce the cost and entry threshold, what are the required system on issues such as the support. Including the contradictions between the format and learning,there are many situations affecting adolescent athlete, how solve the problem effectively they need a comprehensive solution.This study use institutional economics as analysis tool,the youth tennis player’s training as a manufacturing activity, the training system, mechanism, macro and micro pattern,etc were studied. Trying to probe into the cultivation and benefit sharing cultivation mechanism of future development and running efficient training mode for tennis sports management to provide decision-making, and for other related sports training for teenagers to provide reference.The results showed that: 1.According to China’s young tennis players inferred age and training time, our young tennis players from around 8 years old contact and begin to participate in tennis amateur tennis training.In abroad, mainly to take home an independent tennis player training mode, In children 4-5 years old, the child’s parents began to guide them to access and receive training in tennis. International tennis by studying the characteristics and laws of development, we can clearly see the best players of the younger and Diling in Modern tennis is a particularly significant development trends. The emergence of a number of world tennis’s top players 16-17 years of age, more young players into the ranks of world class athletes with early maturity trend. In contrast, in China 18 years of outstanding athletes have not reached the leading level in the country, let alone in the world tennis rankings and influence.So this is the gap, which has a certain relationship to our young tennis players tennis training time later the Enlightenment movement. Compared with the domestic, forein young sport athletes in the choice of the sports than us have more freedom.Foreign parents just give them proper guidance and advice to develop the children interests and hobbies.Eventually they will be engaged in the movement and future career independently.2.Overall, most of our young tennis players participating in the training motivation is positive, but the athletes in an interview, select "glory for the country" and participate in the training of athletes only 4.3%, indicating that the patriotism of our athletes mostly is a mere formality, not play a practical role.The main reason may be the sports management and the coaches to consider their personal interests at all focus on improving athletic performance of athletes and the athletes on the neglect of ideological education. Therefore, athletes motives importance of education has become a very important and urgent issue.3.Survey results show that lack of site is still an important element restricting the training of yang tennis players. The deep-seated reason is the National System of China’s athletes to achieve training mode, a single dependent on national investment regions, which can not lead society organizations and the private capital involved in order to achieve diversification of investment channels. Single investment model has hindered the training of young tennis players, and how to mobilize social forces to develop tennis is an important issue. At the same time, a relatively high level of economic development areas is good for the development of tennis training facilities and creates better conditions.So developing the local economy is still visible to develop young tennis players of important measures.4.There is no doubt that tennis is a noble sport, and tennis players need to spend a lot of training material and financial resources. High-risk, high return investment and a long time tennis player are important features of training.5.Western countries of the high level of economic development, have a high income and consumption levels, and could develop tennis players. So in Western countries, tennis is a family of investment culture. Tennis has a history of a century, which form a good mass base and a broad market demand, the high level of professional tennis, social groups. Young tennis player has become a significant investor in training. Compared with developed countries, due to our low economic development, level less income, the family is also very difficult for a tennis player’s training body. For a shorter period of development of tennis, poor tennis’s mass base and the low level of professional tennis, social forces is difficult to make significant investments in business and tennis training tennis players. Therefore, our tennis players into the national culture is still based planning model, which is the nationwide system.6.Foreign sports to thrive is a major cause of learning and culture to correctly handle the relationship between physical training, making the two promote each other, to achieve positive interaction, adhere to the Combination of the way.The school became the main basis of sports training and major sites, as a sports school sports and community-based sports. They have a sound operational mechanism of the cradle of a train the future, the current young tennis players in our training process, cultural studies But the contradiction between the exercise training is the most prominent problem, due to physical training started from a young age, in order to pursue short-term effects and results of training and too much of a cultural lesson to learn time and the neglect of cultural education.Cultural learning difficult to ensure that players of the time, can not be better educated. So sports training and education, lack of coordinated development of cultural knowledge, is a direct impact on raising the level of professional athlete. Employment athletes after retirement became a major issue.7.Constitute a source of young tennis players by China’s "National System" of three training mode, which many foreign countries, families and club players with very different training modes, the Western developed countries Training and Schools close integration of education and social investment, relying on schools and social forces to develop sports, sports talents make the school become the cradle of culture, mainly through the primary-secondary-university or industry groups and clubs to discover the best athletes, young people players through the spare time for training, never out of school, the school became the main source of the best young tennis players, so that they can accept the system at school to learn basic literacy class, improved the quality of young athletes and moral culture cultivation, from the long-term development, these are all levels of athletes improve athletic laid a good foundation. In China, young tennis players are from schools because of premature entry into the national sports school to train, causing them not to accept the system of cultural knowledge to learn, so is bound to affect their ability to understand new theories and long-term career development.8.Elite junior tennis coaches present age structure of the basic "two big middle small" trend, indicating that the age structure of juvenile tennis coaches is not very reasonable, so coaches prone to aging, young coach and can not grow up in time, so that coaches are the inheritance and stability of the poor. Qualifications of junior tennis coaches have specialist education level, indicating that the overall education of young tennis coaches structure is relatively low.9. System of economics as an important branch of Western economics, in the West played an important role in economics, institutionalism has been the formation and development of a hundred years of history, today’s system, many schools of economics has become a complicated composition of the vast theoretical system. The theory of institutional economics and methods of training young tennis players is good to analyze the issue of special significance.10.It is seen that the original is no longer conducive to China’s nationwide system of comprehensive and coordinated development of tennis, you must practice to cultivate new interest groups-social organizations, to break the original a "Sports center" pattern, the management unit must In practice, trial and error to gradually explore and establish coordination mechanisms sports interests, incentives and competition, through public policies and other forms of law to establish a dominant position in favor of social organization of the main institutional arrangements and property rights rules to get more benefits.11.From the perspective of institutional economics, tennis training system of the optimal value in the market system and the middle of the nationwide system, due to limitations of the specific national conditions, China’s road of professional tennis for a long period of time nationwide system can not be inside or out, can not fully market-oriented in the short term, therefore, at present, in the middle range of training young athletes the lowest transaction cost structure, "dual system" of tennis training system is a strategic transformation inevitable result. |
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