The Review Of The Study On The History Of Chinese Nationalities

The history of Chinese nationalities has a long history and holds a significant academic position, the research on which not only is the basic requirement for its development, but also has important theoretical value and practical significance. Based on the panoramic review and description of the history of Chinese nationalities, summarizing its clear development and achievements, we can find out its gain and loss, explore its future direction, promote its steady development and provide a valuable theoretical source and ideological support to national decision-making departements.The paper is divided into three parts:introduction, body and conclusion. The introduction describes the status of the review of the study on the history of Chinese nationalities, and points out its significance, methods and basic concept. The body has four parts. In view of the fact that theory leads to development of subject, the paper will summ up the formation of academic thoughts and academic genre from three aspects including basic aspects, theories and contents of the history of Chinese nationalities, showing its specialized exploration process which began with learning from the west, copying the Soviet Union pattern and then creating Chinese own characteristic one in line with our national development and reality of this subject.The paper focuses on three periods:the ancient times, the Republic Period and after Liberation with the aid of the French Annals scholar Braudel’s "multivariate time"method, and reviews different views in different times, internal and external factors of its development, representative figures and their achievements through the varied perspectives of the long-term, middle-term and short-term research, revealing its development characteristics in different time and analyzes its own experience and defects in each period.As it can be seen from the development of the history of Chinese nationalities, the strict sense of the ancient Chinese natianlities history began with "the Southern Barbarians"in Shi Ji by Sima Qian, after which history books adhere to writing biographies for minorities, leaving rich and valuable historical data so as to study the Han and other ethnic groups. In the troubled period of Republic, the history of Chinese nationalities, aiming at building a nation-state and encouraging the national spirits, was pioneered by Liang Qichao, then promoted by a number of scholars and their masterpieces such as Wang Tongling, Lv Simian, Song Wenbing, Lin Huixiang, Lv Zhenyu, Li Ji, etc., which made the subject escalate into a modern sense one.In order to build a real equality of new China in all nationalities, scholars after Liberation started on a large-scale research on the history of Chinese nationalities from natianlities survy and nationlities recognition, with the awakening of nationalities’consciousness, this subject study got into a boom, advancing in the depth and breadth of research, bearing fruits in the history of ethnic origin, history of regional nationalities and the history of nationalities theories, three stages of which gradually improve the systemic, subjected and characteristic one.In general, the lasting passion for this research was determined by China’s geographic, natural enviornment features and multi-ethnic social structures, which at the same time result in varity of economic and cultural types, shaping the close relationship among nationalities, integration remaining a mainstream instead of division. Based on it, any regime must attach importance to the study of history of Chinese nationalities, and it dedicates to a unified multi-nationalities country conversely. Political changes, wars, historical figures and famous scholars and short-term academic events will make the various stages of its study showing different characteristics.Looking into the future, the study of history of Chinese nationalities still is full of vitality, and it will focus on complex international ethnic problems and domestic unrest situation in frontier, enhancing the level of theory, broadening the reseach field, making something new and showing prominent socilist characteristics for the sake of a historical references, long-term stability and ethnic equality and unity.