Research On The System Of The School Physical Education Curriculum

Education in the21st century is the all-round education in which we will become perfectpeople who know how to acknowledge, how to work, how to survive and how to live withothers harmoniously. Comprehensive education needs integrated curriculum, and theintegrated curriculum promotes the development of comprehensive education. As the key tothe educational development and reform, the curriculum should be adapted to the needs ofeducation, and reflect its comprehensiveness, continuity and integrity. School sports programis an important integral part of the curriculum, and one of the significant curricula that has thelongest history, an important position and influence in the whole educational system. Thewhole curriculum includes course objective, course content, course implementation andcourse evaluation and so on, and is the vector of the heritage of sports and cultural knowledge,is the basic way to achieve the objectives of school physical education. It is adapted to thechange of the social development with the needs of people who have many talents, to thetrend of School Physical Education Curriculum reform, and to the needs of the scientificdevelopment in School Physical Education Curriculum to research into the system of SchoolPhysical Education Curriculum, and that is an important part of the construction of SchoolPhysical Education Curriculum.This thesis has mainly used literature, survey method, mathematical statistics andanalysis in the research process. By literature, learning from system theory, curriculum theoryand other theories, we demonstrate the constituent elements of the system of School PhysicalEducation Curriculum, the nature of the school sports curriculum; In the development andevolution of the eight elementary school physical education curricula that promulgated afterthe founding of Country (curriculum standards),7Middle School Physical Education syllabus(curriculum standards) and five college sports guidance Gang,we have analyzed holistic,systematic and hierarchical of the Physical Education Curriculum goals, course content,course evaluation; reviewed the literature results of the Physical Education Curriculum;through the questionnaire survey of1370PE teachers and7971pupils and students in sevenprovinces (municipalities), we have known the status of school Physical EducationCurriculum and have drawn the following Conclusion:Listing systematically the main elements of school PE curriculum system includingsports course objective, course content, course implementation and course evaluation, thisresearch makes clear the relationship between each element and its content, which shows that:1. School Physical Education Curriculum is the core of the physical education curriculum, constituted by longitudinal school objectives, horizontal objectives in the fieldand the internal structure of the content objectives, has the systematic, holistic, concrete, leveland adaptive feature; The school sports curriculum is the basis of the Physical EducationCurriculum, and is the sum of the knowledge systems constituted by the basic theory in sportsand sports skills; The implementation of School Physical Education Curriculum is the way toachieve the Physical Education Curriculum, is the practical action that is implemented bythe Curriculum subject, the way to the implementation of the environment and theimplementation of the effects; The evaluation of School Physical Education Curriculum is thesupervision, feedback, and protection of the Physical Education Curriculum, and is acomplete evaluation mechanism constituted the sports curriculum materials evaluation,process evaluation, the effect evaluation and environmental assessment.2This research demonstrates that School Physical Education Curriculum has thecharacteristic of the "skills" courses, and the sport belongs to the cognitive knowledge of thebody, is the main content of PE culture, hence, the main purpose of Physical EducationCurriculum should spread PE culture, that is, teaching the knowledge of sports skills,selecting and organizing carefully its contents; Physical Education Curriculum evaluationshould be based on the school level and lay out the index of this evaluation.3Studying the development and present situation of the main elements of SchoolPhysical Education Curriculum System, the research reveals their characters or theirdevelopment in history and problems of their present situation.3.1Through research on School Physical Education Curriculum targeted from thefounding of the country to the2000year, we found that the course objectives have a certainsystematic and integrated features, consistent with the social background and educationalthought of the different periods; But the level of the course objective, progressive resistance isnot clear; the form of the characterization is only one single, and mainly universal; Theinternal structure of the Physical Education Curriculum target level is not clear, it is difficultto distinguish between the cognitive goals, experience goals, skills, goals;"to enhancephysical fitness "is the primary goal of physical education curriculum. The current SchoolPhysical Education Curriculum contents have been changed in the form of layered,progressive and characterization, but we understand insufficiently primary goal of thePhysical Education Curriculum.3.2Through research on School Physical Education Curriculum contents from thefounding of the country to the2000year, curriculum contents are relatively stable; showingthe integration of an increasing trend in the course format, the nature and content of the category. By Survey, we found sports teaching content, tending to favor the content of coursesby physical education teachers, and the needs of Physical Education Curriculum contents bystudents are consistency; The Physical Education Curriculum content to modern sports items,basically meet the needs of the physical education teachers teaching and students learning, butthe content system of teaching is heterogeneous, and the traditional and fashion sports areattended insufficiently3.3By the survey of the School Physical Education Curriculum,we have found that：(1) The main of curriculum implementation, Physical Education teachers haveprofessional and correct attitude, are in favor of Physical Education Curriculum reform, andplay an active role; Physical Education accurate understanding of the role of the PhysicalEducation Curriculum in the school, has the choice of targeted teaching model, and preparethe implementation of Physical Education teaching. But Physical Education teachers have afew opportunities to continue to learn, updated the inadequate level of knowledge, the effortsof the implementing to the primary goal of Physical Education Curriculum is not enough;Managers pay not enough attention to the Physical Education Curriculum; most students likethe existing Physical Education Curriculum, and have a positive attitude.(2) The way to the implementation, schools at all levels can be set up in accordance withthe provisions of the Physical Education Curriculum. The hours of Physical EducationCurriculum can be guaranteed at least for2hours per week; the phenomenon shows thatphysical education curriculum is occupied, misappropriation, Sports teaching organizationalarrangements be improved and perfected in the form; Regular morning exercises, calisthenics,after school sports training carry out better, but the forms of sports activities organization aremore a single extra-curricular.(3) In the implementation of the environmental aspects, text file on the system andPhysical Education Curriculum implementation should have a relatively complete; But in thesoftware environment of the campus sports atmosphere, teachers and the treatment of some ismissing, the hardware environment of sports funding for investment, facilities, and sportsmaterials are Inadequate.(4) The effect of the implementation, most students on sports courses and PhysicalEducation teachers hold love and satisfaction of attitude; through the Physical EducationCurriculum, students can learn the skills and knowledge of sports technology, culture has acertain impact on the ability of the student movement in the sense of participation and socialadaptation.3.4Through research on School Physical Education Curriculum evaluation from the founding of the country to the2000year, School Physical Education Curriculum evaluation ofthe main body changed a "single" into "multiple", evaluation of the object changed the "sportsteaching" into the Physical Education Curriculum, Evaluation of orientation changed the"goal orientation" into the "goal orientation" and "subject orientation" the combination of thedevelopment process, it Shows the trend of continuous development and improvement. By thesurvey of the school PE curriculum, we found that School Physical Education CurriculumEvaluation in Physical Education Teaching Evaluation and Student Assessment, have a moremature and better, inadequate sports curriculum materials, evaluation of the courseenvironment involving; Academic evaluation is the mainly by teachers, inadequate attentionto students participate in the evaluation of the role and status, Theory of cognition of thephysical education teachers on curriculum evaluation needs to be improved, To ensure thecorrect understanding of the curriculum evaluation and student academic assessment, thedifference between Physical Education teaching evaluation.4Improve School Physical Education Curriculum system responses4.1Sports technical skills in School Physical Education Curriculum goals, target shouldbe in a prominent position.4.2In order to reflect the diversity of sports knowledge; we should increase the contentof the traditional sports items and fashion sports items, teach part of the explicit curriculumand the introduction, which should be reflected clearly in the organization of course content.4.3Through playing implementation of the main positive role to the Physical EducationCurriculum; we ensure implementation of the teaching of Physical Education, broaden anddevelop the way of Physical Education, and Increase the effect of the implementation of thePhysical Education Curriculum to improve Physical Education Curriculum and theimplementation of environment.4.4Through establishment of the School Physical Education Curriculum evaluation anda wide range of evaluation of the main mechanisms, we further improve the content andstandards of the Physical Education Curriculum evaluation, to practice curriculum evaluation;strengthen the professionalism of the Physical Education Curriculum assessment of the main,establish a high level of curriculum evaluation team, etc., improve the course evaluationmechanisms, and ensure the role and effectiveness of the curriculum evaluation.