| On the base of the most common problem of life composition "false writing ", the root cause of "false writing" was analyzed. The article believes that the fundamental reason of "false writing" is that students cannot discover and construct significance from the sheltered life world. Traditional teaching of writing is implemented based on naturalistic philosophy. Naturalist philosophy based on dualism, emphasizes external objective world to decide consciousness fundamentally in the formation, ignores the function of the human subjective factors in the formation of the consciousness structure. So it is difficult to play the role of students’ subjective factors fully.Phenomenology mounts external objective things, overcomes the limitations of the naturalistic subject-object thinking, puts forward the method of facing the thing itself, emphasizes function of constructing awareness; provide important new ideas of solving issues such as "false writing" and "pointless essay" fundamentally.Life writing is of unique educational and cultural construction function, is the way to construct individual spiritual world, also is the way to criticize and reconstruct daily social-culture. On one side, life writing can promote the all-round development of the students’ perception of the world, the emotional world and cultural psychology, overcome the one-sidedness of human development; on other side, it can discover the potential impact of day-to-day culture to people and society, and criticize and reconstruct consciously daily culture.The life world is a phenomenological concept, defining its meaning is the key to define life composition. This article researched domestic and foreign literature on life writing, carried out a comparative study of the living world of Husserl, Heidegger, and Huetz, Hagerman’s philosophical masters, then defined the phenomenological concept of life world.The phenomenological world in which the individual and the world meet in the sense was called life world. Life world is a subject-object phenomenon world. Life world includes the two parts of "everyday life world" and " social life world", everyday life world is presented in individual reproduction activities (including consumer activities, contacts activities and entertainment activities), is presented in specialized social activities (including social activities, political activities, economic activities, scientific, activities artistic activities). There is influence between everyday life world and social life world, on the one hand, everyday life world gives social life world the significance; on the one hand, social life world and symbol world penetrate crowds or colonizes everyday life world.Life writing was defined on the base of definition of life world. Life writing is an activity that student transcends habitual life world continuously and construct self-spiritual world. What he sees and smells is an overall experience world in which objectivity and subjectivity are integrated, but not an imagery world. Finally, on the basis of criticism and learn from transform theory, the views which look writing as an inner transcendence activity was presented. Writing transcendence is that writing activities is procession visual experience unified subject and object is gradually beyond and forms a symbolic, orderly world in the different stages. Life writing is constantly surpassing day-to-day life experience in the stage of observation, writing and modification. In the observation phase, observation can overcome the day-to-day perception limitations as an intentional perceptual activity; in the writing phase, writing reflecting can make available everyday experience present, expected, specific, personal, and orderly; in the stage of modification, especially the content, is a re-writing activities, so essentially remains a reflective beyond activities. Inherent transcendence not only revealed the interlink ages among various link of the writing, but also provided a basic path to life writing beyond the every-day life world.Based on the basic ideas and methods of phenomenology, the ways and means of transcending life world are explored from "see" and "do" before writing and the reflection of drafting stage and language expression. The "see" can overcome Presence of perception experience, self of experience and limitations of existing experience make life world present new beautiful and meaningful appearance. Life world was transcended by expanding the scope, form and content of the "do" and returning to every-day activities from social life activities in the stage of "see"."See" and "do" are approaches to transcending habitual life world.The reflection is an important way to transcend life world, can be conducted in a natural attitude, and also can be carried out in a phenomenological attitude. As for the nature reflection, perceptual experience is looked on as subjective reflection of external objects, and substantialized. As for phenomenological reflection, experience is seen as a unified world build continuously in individual perspective experience, especially concern about the intrinsic link between experience and the conscious methods. Life writing requires both phenomenological reflection and natural reflection. On one hand, phenomenological reflection can overcome the conceptualization, fragmentation, focus, pattern of everyday perceptual world; make the everyday life world present sensuously, completely and fully. Phenomenological reflection can not only provide abundant content to natural reflection, but also make reflection keep close contact with life world in the process of transcending life world, and not lose significance foundation in the process of building the textual world with symbols. On other side, the natural reflection can select, trim, disassemble, mix, arrange life experience itself which is results of phenomenological reflection, can enhance, adapt, create life world on the basis of facing the life world itself, and reconstruct a topical, order and real meaning world.In the stage of reflection, different reflection methods are needed to transcend life world. Descriptive reflection can face life experience itself in the reflection, and make fuzzy, schematized, habitual life world clear. Imagination reflection can overcome limitations of focus experience and make the noncentral, absencent and possible experience emerge. Thematic reflection can polymerize messy everyday-life experience around focus experience. Critical reflection can examine day-to-day cultural experience and criticize and reconstruct socio-cultural.Language expression is still an approach to transcend life world. The limits of understanding life world are breakthrough by novel and unfamiliar language expression, which make life world present new state constantly. So multi-level and multi-dimensional transience is implemented in the stage of "see" and "do", reflection and language expression, a significant, yearning life world is found and reconstructed in the process of life writing. |
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