Study On The Relationship Between The Interprovincial Migration And Regional Economic Development In China

Population migration is a social phenomenon which began to appear since the existence of mankind, and it has never been interrupted with human endless reproduction. The social phenomenon of population migration has close relations with the development of human society, the related study between the two has been widely concerned by academic circles at home and abroad. Ever since the implementation of reform and opening up in China, the reform of market economic system has been gradually increasing, and the industrialization has been in advancing, and the urbanization has been in rapid development. The population migration is actively promoting the high-speed development of social and economy in China.If there exists population migration in a country or a region, then the economic development level of the country or the region must have an extremely important influence on population migration. In our country, the population migration is also influenced by the level of economic development. Due to the vast regions in China, there is a serious imbalance in levels of economic development in various regions, which leads to great differences in regional distribution of the population migration. Thus, to study on the situation of the population migration and the relationship between population migration and regional economic development, has a very important significance to explore how to promote rapid economic development.Based on the related data between the interprovincial population migration and regional economic development level from 1990 to 2010, we analyze the spatial distribution, characteristics, and influencing factors of the interprovincial population migration, and conduct the empirical study on the influence of the interprovincial population migration on regional economy development. From the above, we get the following conclusion:(1) Based on the data of Chinese interprovincial migration, we specifically study the history of the population migration, and the distribution of the interprovincial migration, and the changes in the interprovincial migration centers. From the above, we get the following conclusion:① In interprovincial migration, the out-migrant places concentrate in western and middle areas of China, and the in-migrant places concentrate in eastern coastal areas of China. ②In the process of the interprovincial migration, regardless of population immigration or emigration, the regional distribution presents the centralized trend. ③The concentration degree of the in-migrant places is higher than the out-migrant places. The in-migrant places mainly concentrate in the Pearl River Delta, the Yangtze River Delta and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region. At the same time, the centre of the in-migrant places shift to the Yangtze River Delta and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region. ④ The distribution pattern of interprovincial migration has a high degree of stability in China. The distribution of the in-migrant and the out-migrant places has little change as a whole. Migrants are mainly from western and middle areas to eastern coastal areas in China. ⑤ The center of interprovincial migration mainly include:Shanghai, Beijing, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Tianjin, Fujian, Jiangsu.(2) Through the analysis of the characteristics of the interprovincial migration, the main conclusions drawn are as follows:⑥ Male dominates in the interprovincial migration in China. ② The working-age population is account for the major part in the interprovincial migration, so the population of interprovincial migration is basically a workforce. ③ The ill-educated population is account for the major part in the interprovincial migration. For the attraction of highly qualified personnel, the eastern coastal areas is even lower than the western and middle areas. ④ The interprovincial migration is mainly concentrated in the industries, such as the production and transportation of equipment operation, commerce and services. These industries need low-skilled workers, and offer low-paid work. ⑤ The population from rural areas is account for the major part in the interprovincial migration. The population from rural areas to cities is the mainstream of provincial population migration. ⑥ The main reasons of the interprovincial migration is gradually evolving economic reasons.The relationship between population migration and economic development becomes more and more closely.(3) By constructing the regression model of factors affecting the interprovincial migration, we conduct an empirical analysis on influencing factors of the interprovincial migration from 1990-2000, and get the following conclusion: ① A large income has a positive effect to speed up the population immigration and emigration, and its effect on the population immigration is more than the emigration. ② The high unemployment rate and the high price, will hinder the external population to move in, and speed up the native population to move out. ③ Industrial structure has a significant effect on the population migration.(4) According to the neo-classical economic growth theory, we build up the C-D production function including the population migration, and conduct an empirical analysis on the relationship between the interprovincial migration and regional economic growth by using the panel data from 1990 to 2010. We get the following conclusion:the population moving into eastern areas and the population moving out of western and middle areas, play an important role to promote their economic development, but the contribution of the population on economic development of the eastern areas is higher than the western and middle areas.(5) According to the neo-classical economic growth theory, we use the panel data about interprovincial migration and regional economic development level from 1990 to 2010, to conduct an empirical test on on the relationship between the interprovincial migration and regional economic convergence. We get the following conclusion: ① Physical capital savings rate, efficiency of investment, proportion of the first industry, educational level, marketization, infrastructure level, and foreign direct investment, these seven variables have influence on the regional economic growth. Among them, physical capital savings rate and proportion of the first industry are most significant.② The interprovincial migration in China has a very important role for reducing the difference of regional economy.