Explore The Impact Of Interprovincial Population Migration On Provincial Education Resources In China Under The Perspective Of Economic Agglomeration

From the existing literature,the research of the impact of inter-provincial population migration on educational resources investment is very scarce.Educational resources investment is closely related to human capital,and human capital is an important factor to advance economic growth.Therefore,it is necessary to pay more attention on the impact of inter-provincial population migration on provincial education resources.Regional education resources are closely tied to the local economics,and the regional economics is significantly affected by population migration.So this paper sets up a mechanism that inter-provincial population migration affected the investment of educational resources by influencing the economic level.Following the mechanism,this paper tries to explore the impact of inter-provincial population migration on the investment of educational resources through empirical methods.In the literature,there is no uniform conclusion on how population migration affects local economy or regional resources.According to the theory of New Economic Geography,population migration is the driving factor of economic agglomeration.There are positive and negative effects of economic agglomeration.On the one hand,the scale economic externalities produced by economic agglomeration will promote the development of immigration areas and further agglomeration of factors;on the other hand,agglomeration will produce congestion effect,which will aggravate competition,increase financial burden and deteriorate the environment.Under the perspective of economic agglomeration,population migration acts on the immigration areas through the externalities of economies of scale and congestion effects.Under the opposite effects,how population migration affects the economic level of the immigration areas and educational resources become more complex.This paper uses panel data from 1995 to 2015 to empirically study the impact of interprovincial population migration on provincial education resources.The number of inter-provincial immigrants is used to measure population migration,and the per capita education expenditures of primary,secondary and college students are used to measure provincial education resources.Because of the endogeneity of population migration,this paper constructs a set of instrumental variables,average railway ticket price and railway distance,to capture the exogenous variations in population migration.Through two-stage least squares estimations,it is found that population migration has a significant positive impact on the per capita education expenditures of primary,middle and university students.It also verifies the mechanism that population migration promotes the economic growth of immigration provinces,and then affects the per capita investment in education,that is,the scale of economics of population migration is greater than the congestion effect.Finally,this paper constantly adjusts the econometric model,considering the effects of population emigration,population migration rate and net population migration respectively.Concluding that population migration has a significant effect on the per capita education expenditures of the immigration province.