Theoretical And Empirical Research On The Training Design Of Soccer Special Physical Fitness

This paper undertakes the methods of literature, experts interview, experimental and so on, draw lessons from physical training theory through the analysis of match activity characteristics of high level soccer players and construct training design system of soccer special physical fitness based on the empirical research on the practical effect of training design, in order to provide scientific theory and practical reference for training design and implementation of soccer special physical in China. The main results were as follows:Firstly:The theory system of soccer physical fitness training design is the knowledge that combines the match performance characteristics and the special training law of the athletes.It includes the effective organization and implementation of the training process of the target design system, content design system, method and load design system, the training cycle and design.Secondly:the main training methods of soccer physical fitness involves practice with the ball which similar with the real match situation; combined with the load control elements of the adjustment such as practice forms, rules, the goal, the ball, the players, the pitch, the structure of the load, the continuous and intermittent time to control training load scientifically, so as to improve the special physical capacity of the players.Thirdly:the primary objective of training design for soccer special aerobic ability is to improve the athletes’continuous exercise ability, high intensity repeated exercise ability and recovery ability; the main training contents are three interconnected components including low intensity training, medium intensity training and high intensity training; combine with the characteristics of the soccer game through goal setting and direction of attack; changing the shape and size of the field; adjust the intermittent time of the exercise, in order to control the intensity of the exercise load.Fourthly:the primary objective of training design for soccer special anaerobic ability is to enhance the athletes’ rapid perception, judgment and action ability under high speed, maximal exercise ability and continuous exercise ability; the main training contents are some interconnected components including speed, lactate speed endurance and lactate tolerance speed endurance. speed training has an non synchronous and intersection characteristics between heart rate and exercise intensity with lactate speed endurance training and the sufficient interval time can reach the effect of lactate production speed endurance training while the less interval time can reach the effect of lactate tolerance speed endurance training.Fifthly:the primary objective of training design for soccer muscle power is to increase muscle quality and power, the strength performance related to match activities and power output under the high intensity competition; the main training contents are some mutual influence components including basic power training, transference power training and soccer power training; integrated the combine exercisers, free weight, light weight and training with the ball into comprehensive training program; so as to transfering the effect from basic power training to the soccer match performance.