Research On The Structure Of Personalized Learning System

In response to the need of human self-transcendence, the rise of learning science, and the change of educational technology and environment, this research illustrates the pros and cons of class-based teaching system in the method of literature research, it also conducts a comprehensive analysis on the theory and practice of personalized learning, hence, an analysis frame of personalized learning system is formed consisting of power subsystem, implementation subsystem, and support subsystem of personalized learning, meanwhile, through the questionnaire survey and interviews, 10 elements of personalized learning are screened; practical research is carried out, under the guidance of action research method, on the establishment and applying strategy of 3 subsystems of personalized learning system, meanwhile, practical effectiveness is analyzed with the help of questionnaire, interview and other empirical study methods, which give rise to the spherical structure model of personalized learning system. At the same time, applying strategy is proposed to carry out personalized learning in Shanghai Shixi High School.To be specific, the major part of the research here is systematically composed of the following 9 chapters.By tracing back the formation and development of class-based teaching system, firstly presented in Chapter 1 is the’high efficiency ’and’ unity’of it. Meaning while, chapter 1 also touches on the weak points and the new challenges facing class-based teaching system, although historically there were educational reform and exploration involved making it solid. Hence, new proposition is raised: the new era calls on educators to keep an eye on personalized learning, and provide every single student with particular curriculum and teaching, based on their individual needs and personalities. Additionally, in response to the need of human self-transcendence, the rise of learning science, and the change of educational technology and environment, the value and significance of personalized learning is discussed.Chapter 2 is about the planning and implementation of the research. First, analysis framework of personalized learning is proposed, circling the structure of personalized learning system, by means of literature research method, action research method, empirical study method, under the guidance of such theories as multi intelligence and learning style; the philosophy of the research to fulfil the construction of personalized learning system is determined, by setting up such sub-systems of personalized learning as power system, implementation system, and support system, which await to be optimized through practice; such technical roadmap is painted as ’defining problems through phenomenon analysis, examining elements through empirical analysis, refining strategy through practice, detecting and perfecting through action research’so as to form the conclusion and eventually reach the intended goal. Then comes a brief illustration of the research steps and process.Chapter 3 is about literature review. First of all, based on the retrieval of the key word ’personalization’ in the electronic library, we find that personalized learning and personalized education have caused wide concern in the field of education, but unfortunately there are very few literature reviews about personalized system and the relevant 3 sub-systems, which on the other hand reveals the practical significance of the research here. Then comes the overall analysis of the process and outcome of the research, which, in the end, is followed by some theoretical results and conclusions relevant to personalized learning. All above lays a theoretical and practical foundation for the research here, helping the research to be started logically.Chapter 4 and chapter 5:in running a school, factors like learning process, learning style, learning time and space are involved, which have close link with students’ study. Based on our overall observation and analysis on the establishment and application of personalized curriculum, learning style, learning time and space, with the help of action research method and timely reflection, we have been keeping improving the structure and application of personalized curriculum, learning style, learning time and space, so as to supply adequate cases for the construction of personalized learning system.Chapter 6:through literature research method, surveys and interviews, we study those elements of personalized learning implementation subsystem, and focus on 4 following major elements:curriculum, learning style, learning time, and learning space, understanding their interdependent relation. Next, according to the practical research in Shixi High School, we come up with the structure and applying strategy of personalized learning implementation subsystem: the selectivity of curriculum, the diversity of learning styles, the non-synchronization of learning time and the extension of learning space, which are all crucial in personalized learning, and their interdependent effects help form the whole thing of personalized learning implementation subsystem. We lay strong emphasis on school and teachers’attitude to encouraging students to make good use of their personalized curriculum, learning styles, learning time and space to their advantage, pursuing an overall and personalized development of each single student.Chapter 7 focuses on the structure and application strategy of the power subsystem of personalized learning, wrhich include the following two parts:first,3 major elements of the power system are targeted, and respective analysis are conducted on motivation and interest, planning and objectives, feedback and evaluation; second, take Shixi High School as an example, the inner relation betwreen the 3 elements of the power system in personalized learning is clarified, and accordingly,3 strategies to construct the power system are proposed:interest fostering-growth motivation initiates personalized learning; career planning-life goal guides personalized learning; records and feedbacks-comprehensive evaluation leads personalized learning. The 3 elements above systematically form the power subsystem of personalized learning subsystem, producing pulling force in students’ personalized learning.Chapter 8 focuses on the structure and application strategy of the support subsystem of personalized learning. To begin with,3 elements of the support subsystem are filtered through literature and empirical research, which include teacher resources, rules and mechanism, environment and technology, whose internal meanings are analyzed; next, the inner relation between the 3 elements of the support subsystem in personalized learning is clarified, and accordingly,3 strategies to construct the support subsystem are proposed." enhance the effectiveness of teachers’ instruction by optimizing our team; guarantee students’learning selectivity by perfecting mechanism; improve the pertinence of technology use by optimizing environment. The 3 elements above systematically form the support subsystem of personalized learning subsystem, producing supporting force in students’personalized learning.Chapter 9: conclusion and effectiveness analysis of the research. According to the analysis framework of personalized learning system in our research, we respectively study and analyze the structures and strategies of implementation subsystem, power subsystem, support subsystem of personalized learning, with the help of literature research method, action research method and other empirical study methods, giving interpretation to the spherical structure model of personalized learning system.We first study the interdependent relation between the elements in each subsystem, and then study the interdependent relation between those 3 subsystems. Therefore,3 further advancement and application strategies are raised on the basis of the spherical structure model of personalized learning system:arouse students’ study motivation, and mobilize the internal force of personalized learning; highlight students’ strong points, and implement personalized learning; emphasize resources integration and management optimization, and support personalized learning. In carrying out personalized learning, we attach great importance to students’ strong points so that students are encouraged to choose the most suitable curriculum, learning styles, learning time and space, to grow and develop to their advantages. The empirical analysis of curriculum, learning styles, learning time and space conducted in Shixi High School tells us that students really favor and like those personalized curriculum, learning styles, learning time and space specially designed for them, and they hold firm beliefs that such projects do play a positive role in their personal development. Logically, an outlook of this research is given at the end of this chapter.The high lights of the research lie in the following 3 facts that, (1) personalized learning system includes power subsystem, implementation subsystem, and support subsystem, which are respectively made up of relevant elements, i.e. power subsystem (motivation and interest, planning and objectives, feedback and evaluation), implementation subsystem(curriculum, learning style, learning time and learning space), support subsystem(teacher resources, institution and mechanism, environment and technology), which give rise to the spherical structure model of personalized learning system.(2) advancement strategy of 3 sub-systems in personalized learning has been proposed and implemented, and applying strategy is afterwards put forward, which means a relatively complete sample has been finished involving the establishment of the personalized learning system and the promotion of personalized learning. In particular, the practical exploration and analysis on the effectiveness of the implementation system are certainly instructive and valuable for schools to carry on personalized learning.(3) In implementation subsystem, we maintain that students are to be encouraged to study to their best advantages, relying on the most suitable curriculum (contents), learning styles, learning time and space, and paying particular attention to time and space, which is certainly innovative, assumed to be instructive and valuable in the advancement of school education and perfection of students’study.