Environmentai Change And Sustainabal Development Of Agricultural In Northwestern China

Environmental Change in northwestern China is an interaction result of both the naturalevolution and historical process.In the paper it focused on the detailed analysis and discussionon the relationship between the environmental change and agricultural development amongthe historical, modern and contemporary period in northwestern China. By collectinghistorical data and modern statistical data analysis and taking advantage of entering the fieldsof the social science and natural science，we can find that factitious and social factors play akey role on environmental change in the historical period，the disaster of the famine leads tothe modern environmental change，while the morden environmental problems turn upbecause of the climate change,natural disaster and unjustified exploitation.Based on theresearch above, the agricultural technique adapted to the climate, natural disaster reductionand regional ecological management are three main factors to promote the sustainabledevelopment in northwestern China.Part1，Study on the theory of environmental change and sustainable agriculturaldevelopment. First of all, in the paper it formed the theory of the environmental changeaccording to the conception of the environment and the agricultural environment.Throughthe analysis of the agricultural environmental in ancient, contemporary and mordenperiod,based on the ecological stress theory, the stress of the climate change,disaster,ecology and polluted soil is provided. It was also suggested that the mitigation ofthe disaster is the imperious demands in such a region where natural disasters happenfrequently. Meanwhile the environmental construction and restoration is formed by analyzingthe ecological fragility.Part2，Thesis on the factors of the environmental change during the historicalperiod,the natural factors including the climate environment, forest vegetation, soil andwater resource play a key role on the change in northwestern China.What’s more, the humanand social factors had a worse effect on the natural factors. In short, the ecologicalenvironment deterioration was mainly caused by the large population in Ming and Qingdynasties and the unreasonable policy from the government historically like the blindreclamation.Part3， Study on the typical qualities of the modern environmental change. The first one is that the disasters happened frequently in the northwestern China.Take Shaanxi forexample, during the110years between1840-1949，with a record of drought year up to81years. The various disasters such as flood,drought,ice storm and the plague of locusts resultin the deterioration of the agricultural environment and great damage, as well as the frequentwars and social weakness.It even spreads among the agricultural,social and ecologicalenvironments.Part4，Study on the sustained deterionration of the environment.After the country wasfounded, more attention was not paid to improve the agricultural environment or keep thesubstained development. The population policy and economic policy and the politicalorientation are some of the reasons.Things have become better since the reform, thegovernment realized the importance of the environmental issues.But more measures areneeded to prevent the deterioration of the environment.The drought disaster has been themost serious in this region.So the soil and water loss does a threat to the agriculturalsustained development.Part5，Further research on the climate in the northwestern China. The climate changesinfluence the agricultural and ecological envrionment, then it lows down the production andweaken the potential for sustainable development.In order to improve the situation, moremeasures must be done to reduce the disasters, such as monitoring system of the climate,more cultivation and production of issues adapted to the drought. To establish the long-termsustained development, the constuction of the infrastructure and further improvement of thedisaster response system are an important path to extend the capacity.Due to climate changeissues, we must adjust the structure of the crop plantings, make good use of the water–saving technology and select the crops for adversity acclimation. We also need to promote theecological management and development of a state innovation system.Part6，More measures made in a disaster prevention and reduction show a regionalcharacteristic.Firstly, we focus on the drought–relief measures to improve the disaster innorthwestern China. Secondly, we need to work out the measures to suit the localcondition.Then the department should strenthen the agricultural disaster monitoring andforecasting as well as the mitigation systems, next make more and further research on thescientific and technological measures. More attention should be paid to improve the selfawareness of the disasters in the villagers’mind. The only way to achieve the trulyagricultural mitigation is to ask to exert the principal role of villagers.Part7，Compared the rain-fed agricultural area to the oasis ecological area, thereasonable and appropriate for regional ecological management of agricultural technology isvery important.As for the region lack of the water resource, the rainwater harvesting projectplays an important part.For the case of serious soil erosion, try to increase the ecological management of technical patterns，the policy of returning farmland to forest and grassland toreflect on the ecological compensation mechanism timely and reasonable modifications.Theeffective management of regional water environment governance is helpful to the oasisagriculture. We take full advantage of the climate and soil and water resources to developethe water-saving irrigation technology and oasis ecological agriculture，etc. A comprehensivesystem for the prevention and control of soil erosion should be set up in case the worse oasisdesertification happens.To reverse the Oasis ecological degradation，we can promote thesustainable development of oasis agriculture.