Study On The Industry Correlation And Productivity Of Service Industry In China

The global scope appear "industry-oriented economy" turn to "service-oriented economy" and the service industry has become an important factor for national economic growth,absorbing employment and improving international competitiveness,service industry’s status also has become an important symbol of comprehensive competitiveness and modernization level.In the year of1992,China made the policy "on the decision to accelerate the development of service industry",since then service industry’s development has become China’s policy guidance.With the continuous adjustment and upgrading of China’s industrial structure,service industry has become an important industry to promote a new round of economic growth. Although the industrial scale of China’s service industry continues to expand and plays an important role in national economic and social development,the overall level of service industry is still low,it accounts for the proportion of gross domestic product is not only far behind the developed countries,but also significantly lower than the average of developing countries.In the process of our country’s transformation of economic growth and pays attention to the connotative development,what kind of relationship between service industry and the other industries,how the relationship changes,how service industry and its segments pull the national economy,what kind of situation of service industry productivity and the productivity’s trend,all of the above have become issues of the government and academia.To really plays an important role of the service industry,make it a new growth point of economic development,we first need to understand the industrial characteristics of the service industry,know the status of service industry and the productivity of its static characteristics and dynamic trends,and characteristics of service industry segments.According to the theory of industry correlation and productivity,based on the total level of service industry,the internal structure and regional structure,it uses the Input-Output model to analyze service industry segments’industry correlation,uses the index of Malmquist to do dynamic comparative analysis of service industry segments’productivity,uses Three-stage DEA model to do static analysis of China’s service industry productivity,uses Three-stage Malmquist model to do dynamic comparative analysis of China’s service industry productivity.It reveals the growth characteristics and the problems of the service industry,and provides a reference for the development of service industry and national economy,as well as industry policy formulation.Overall,the paper is divided into7chapters,specific contents are as follows:Chapter1is the introduction of the paper,this part mainly presents this paper’s research background,research significance,re search purposes,research methods,innovation,research framework,main content,etc.And,the theory of industry correlation,productivity and their development in the domestic and foreign countries are reviewed.Chapter2mainly discusses about some basic theory of the service industry,the definition of service industry and the classification of service industry are discussed deeply in this part.Then it discusses the theories of the service industry.Such as the stage of economic development,service industry and employment theory,service industry and industrial structure.Chapter3is about the current development of China’s service industry.In this part,the overall level of development of service industry,service industry’s labor input,service industry’s investment in fixed assets,internal structure of service industry and the district structure of service industry are analyzed deeply.In a word,this part can make us understand the situation and development trend of China’s service industry.Chapter4is industry correlation effect of service industry in China.This chapter uses the latest2007Input-Output table and the2002Input-Output table to analyze the relationship between service industry segments and other industries in the national economy.Through calculation of the direct consumption coefficient and total consumption coefficient,we find that non-service industries,such as agriculture,mining,manufacturing and electricity,hot water production and supply industry,have larger consumption in the transportation and warehousing industry, whole sale and retail trade,financial industry; service industry segments’consumption of the manufacturing industry is relatively high,the consumption of itself is also high.Through calculation of the middle input rate coefficient,we find service industry’s value added rate is decline;through calculation of the middle demand rate coefficient,we find the influence of most service industry segments to other industries is increasing,and the role of service industry in national economic development is enhancing.Although the scale of China’s service industry is relatively small,it is relatively independence,so it supplies a great deal of space for its development.This chapter also uses influence coefficient to analyze industry segments’role in boosting the national economy,uses the sensitivity coefficient to analyze the restraining effect of the service industry by other industries,uses induced coefficient of production to calculate the final demand items,such as consumption,investment and exports’induced level of service industry segments,uses final dependency coefficient to analyze service industry segments’reliance on consumption,investment and exports.The results show most of service industry segments’ influence coefficients,sensitivity coefficients are below the average level.Therefore,the development of China’s service industry is relatively slow,the level of China’s service industry is still lag.Service industry segments’final consumption’s dependency coefficient is above0.4,the development of the service industry relies mainly on consumption,but investment and exports’ impact on the service industry grows larger,the development of service industry relies on investment activities that is increasing,so the development of the service industry has more export-oriented features.Service industry segments are divided into different industry groups.Chapter5is the static analysis of service industry’s productivity in China.Productivity constraints directly with the development of the service industry,this chapter uses China’s31provinces as the decision-making units,selects human capital,technical innovation,government support as the environmental variables,value added as output data,labor and investment in fixed assets as input data,then uses Three-stage DEA model to calculate service industry’productivity in the year2009.The results show that service industry’s operation efficiency has a remarkable relationship with human capital,technical innovation and government’s support;the technical efficiency of31provinces with the average of0.520is low,showing the level of development of service industry is low in China;moreover,China’s provinces can be divided into four types according to pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency;lastly,the efficiency of service industry in East,Central and West China differs wildly,that is to say,the one in East China is the best and the one in West China is the worst.Chapter6is the dynamic analysis of service industry’s productivity in China.This chapter combinates the Three-stage DEA and Malmquist index model,uses Three-stage Malmquist index model to calculate service industry’s productivity from the year2004to2009of30provinces in China.The results show that the performance of technical efficiency of service industry is not optimistic,the average is only0.668,indicating that the overall level of service industry in China is low,but from the efficiency changes,we know the trend of efficiency of the national service industry increases year by year;the total factor productivity’s increase is because of technical progress and technical efficiency (although only increases0.1percentage points)from the year2004to2009;from the provincial level,technical progress has shown an increasing trend,and technical progress is the main reason to promote the increase of total factor productivity.From the service efficiency’s convergence,we know there is absolute convergence of the overall efficiency in China,the eastern convergence speed is faster than the central and western.From the variation coefficient of service industry’s total factor productivity,we know the differences between the regions tend to decrease.Chapter7is mainly about the productivity of service industry segments.This chapter uses service industry’s14segments as the decision-making units,selects value added as output data, labor and capital inputs as input data,then uses DEA model and Malmquist Index model to calculate service industry segments’productivity from the year2004to2009.The results show that the average total factor productivity of China’s service industry grows6.1percent,mainly because of the role of technology progress,while pure technical efficiency is not high,the main factor that restricts service industry’s efficiency;although all of service industry segments’total factor productivity is growing,the reason is different depending on the segment.In all of the service industry segments,only financial industry,resident service and other service’technical efficiency and scale efficiency maintain at1,meanwhile their total factor productivities grow continuously.Service industry segments’total factor productivity all grow in recent years, these various segments have shown a steady growth trend,and the growth rate does not differ much,indicating that the productivity has a more balanced development.Finally,it summarizes the results of the analysis of the full text.