Construction Of The Risk Field-on The Case Of Chinese Real Estate Field

Since2003, Chinese real estate market has developed irrationally for nearly10years. Plenty of risks have been accumulated. First, the house price is so high that thepeople can not afford. The high house price encourages speculations, crushes realeconomy, increases financial risks, restrains social innovative ability, and wreckshuman living environment. Meanwhile, the high house price sacks common people’swealth, leads to polarization, increases people’s pressure of life, amasses socialnegative emotions, and intensifies various social contradictions. Secondly, the failureof controlling house price makes house price higher and higher. The people lose theconfidence of government. Especially since2010, the risks of high house price aremore obvious. The fund chains are in great peril, local finances are facing too manydifficulties; national economy is pitted with peril. All these reflect the risk conditionsof Chinese real estate domain. Moreover, the present real estate has got into aquandary. There is enormous uncertainty whether the house price forward and back.In addition to the quandary situation, there is an alluring phenomenon in Chinesereal estate industry. Since2003, we can hear people discuss house price everywhere,and “foam of the real estate industry and risk” is often mentioned. In the experiencesand impressions of common people, Chinese real estate domain contains variouscomplicated relations and fills with various profit and power conflicts, which is anaction field fills with risks and uncertainty. In other words, since2003, China hasbeen a public field centered on the topic of “the real estate risk”. With the elapse oftime and development of people’s everyday practice, the impact of this public field ismore and more obvious, which affects from public opinion to the value pursuit,interest claim, noumenal safety, psychological expectation and social interaction. Inother words, the notion of “real estate risks” and “the fact of real estate risks” hasbeen externalized and structured in people’s experience and memory, which formsgradually “Chinese real estate risk field”.Then problems of two levels appear. The first level problem is the source ofChinese real estate risk since2003. Or you can say the social origin in the form ofChinese real estate risk, which refers to the acting logic and acting effect of differentactors including the central, the local, the elites, the masses, the capital and the mediain the mutual competition. The second level problem is the construction of Chinesereal estate risk since2003. It is also the problem how the risk action and fact is been structured, which includes the mechanism of risk spread and the acting logic in theform of risk field. The two level problems are closely related, because the risk of realestate is the base and necessary condition of the real estate risk field. The study of thispaper begins from “the resource of the real estate risk”, focuses on solving theconstruction of the real estate risk field.On the problem of the resource of Chinese real estate risk, this paper discussesand analyses from the two sides of institution and action. On the problem of theconstruction of the real estate risk field, this paper firstly takes Structuration Theoryby Anthony Giddens as explaining tool, attempting to answer the problem how therisk action and fact in Chinese real estate domain is structured; then takes SymbolicInteractionism as supplementary explaining tool to analyze the forming and workingprocess of “the public domain of critical risk words” in the form of the real estate riskfield.On the problem of the construction of the real estate risk, the real estate riskaction, the real estate risk symbol and the real estate “signification side”, this paperanalyzes by the way of document and observation. On the problem of “dominatingside” in the real estate domain, this paper studies by the way of observation andinterview. On the problem of “legalization side” in the real estate domain, this paperstudies by the way of document and historical comparative approach.The research indicates that the collision of traditional institution andmodernization leads to plenty of unexpected risks. Meanwhile, the strategy of eachactor in the real estate domain brings plenty of unexpected risks.The research shows that Chinese real estate domain since2003is an imperfect,unhealthy, uncertain and structured domain. First, on the construction of the“dominating side” of Chinese real estate domain, on one hand, the traditionalinstitutions lead to the unequal distribution of land, housing, public facilities andservices, profits and taxes, On the other hand, the temporary and strategic real estatepolicies cause the flow of real estate sources rigid. Secondly, on the construction of“legalization side” in the real estate domain, the temporary policy direction andstrategic policy contents and means lead to the absence of “legalization side” inChinese real estate domain. For these reasons, Chinese real estate domain becomes ahuge risk field.The research also indicates that the risk and risk symbols in Chinese real estatedomain are pilling up; the number of interaction taking use of real estate risk among expects, the masses, officials and land agent is becoming more and more, and thefrequency is higher and higher;“the public domain of critical risk words” is gettingstronger. The interaction of these factors gradually constructs the “signification side”of real estate risk field.In a word, because of the failure of constructing “dominating side” and“legalization side”, Chinese real estate domain in nearly10years becomes animperfect, unhealthy and uncertain structured field: real estate risk field. Followedthat is the form of “signification side”, which promotes the re-construction of realestate risk field.