| Something happens to the Yangtze River Delta that resources such as land, water, manpower, energy supply tension after more than30years of rapid development of the Yangtze River Delta and to industrial growth rate coming down, business costs rising, economic benefit declining significantly. Consequently, it is done by seeking economic hinterland of lower cost and larger space to accomplish industrial transfer and upgrade and to adjust economic structure. Under the new situation the Yangtze River Delta has become more open and widespread cooperation and generalization of the Yangtze River Delta consisting of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Anhui, increasingly forming. Purpose of the thesis is to search for their evolvement regulations, mechanism and the spatial characteristics based on the study of economy, accessibility and spatial structure evolution of city field of the Pan Yangtze River Delta since the Chinese reform and opening-up to provide scientific basis for the optimization and integration of the spatial structure and strategy for economic development of the Pan Yangtze River Delta and to realize economic integration of the Pan Yangtze River Delta.The first, we analyze the process of economic development in different scope from provincial, city, urban districts. The results show that each has his merits in the integrative development of areal economy, investment, consumption, export of four provinces. The thesis studies the mathematical characteristics of city including the absolute disparity (Standard Deviation), relative disparity(Coefficient of Variation), degree of disparity(Gini Coefficient)and space pattern including polarization pattern (Herfindahl-Hirschman Index and absolute concentration), discrete pattern(absolute discreation), pattern of the convergence and divergence of the difference of municipal economic development. The result is that the absolute disparity is widening characterized by three-level high jumping and speeding up the expansion gap step by step. Coefficient of Variation is decreasing. The evolution trend of Gini Coefficient is similar to Coefficient of Variation. It has gone through three stages which is decline-ascend-decline. Economy of the Pan Yangtze River Delta develops extremely imbalance. The chief cause of the imbalance is that the second and third industries development disparity is too big. Early secondary industries play the most important role for lifting Gini coefficient. During period of middle and late of the90s of the20th century the tertiary industry gradually occupies a very important position. In the beginning of the21st century the tertiary industry replaces secondary industry. The research indicates that the Pan Yangtze River Delta takes on space polarization and space discretation which is credited to the top10cities and the bottom10cities of GDP. Because of differences of speed of economic development it leads to every city taking on upward divergence, upward convergence, down divergence, down convergence. Because of different economic basis and the constant perfection of the socialist market economy, the index of comprehensive economic capabilities of urban districts are on the rise and its spatial pattern evolves from relative balance, polarization, to diffusion.We research the spatial pattern and its evolution of accessibility of42cities with different aspects using space analysis technology of GIS and Hafu model in time accessibility including the whole region time, local region time, plane of neighborhood region time, cost accessibility including cost accessibility based on the shortest path, cost accessibility based on not taking into account time and distance, attraction opportunity and comprehensive accessibility. Accessibility of the whole region time takes on core-periphery structure and the core of accessibility has the trend of transfer eastward and northward. Accessibility of local region is with great difference. The cities with better accessibility locate along the Yangtze River and ones with worse accessibility locate outskirts of the pan-Yangtze River Delta. The42cities of the pan-Yangtze River Delta were classified as five types including serious atrophy, the rapid expansion, basic stability, up-float, down-float in accordance with the ratios of accessibility of neighborhood region to district area and Voronoi area. Cost accessibility based on the shortest path gradually decreases and rises imbalancedly, take on core-periphery structure, the kernel has the southward trend. The least cost accessibility takes on decline and then ascend and characterized strongly by railway network. Its space pattern evolves from imbalance to balance. The cities with stronger attraction index distribute mostly along the Yangtze River and the Hangzhou Bay. Comprehensive accessibility evolves from a relatively balanced to polarization to diffusion taking on core-periphery structure. Southern accessibility of the pan-Yangtze River Delta is always the worst. Distribution of new regional poles should be payed attention to and it contributes to development of South of Zhejiang. The core-periphery structure compositing of five types of circles was cut off in the east of the pan-Yangtze River Delta. So we must strengthen traffic construction and boost the economy in Anhui to improve accessibility of the whole pan-Yangtze River Delta.By constructing a diffusion effect model of field logarithmic we calculat spatial structure of urban field and evolution to analyze spatial pattern of the urban effective region, area of urban effective regions and diffusion value of urban field. The results show that primary urban effective regions distribute along the Yangtze River Delta and Hangzhou Bay. They evolve from "之","几", pipi shrimp, to bream. Extremely area of strong field regions, stronger field regions and ordinary field regions decrease, area of weaker field regions and the weakest field regions rise in the five types of effective regions of urban field. The growth rate of area of effective regions in every province is uneven; areas of effective regions in every city are also uneven. The cities with bigger area of effective regions locate mostly in the Jiangsu and Zhejiang, the cities with smaller area locate mostly in Anhui. We analyze diffusion value of urban field from three respects of city nodes(points), diffusion paths(lines), urban regions(planes). Field strength of urban nodes is increasing, variation ratio is decreasing year by year and spatial distribution pattern is uneven, for example, urban field strength is usually stronger in the pan-Yangtze River Delta than its periphery cities. Evolution of diffusion value in new diffusion paths is the most significant in regional field. Evolution of diffusion value of urban effective regions in every region is that field strength in the whole region is boosting up. Evolution of diffusion value in every province is uneven; Evolution of field strength is very discrepancy in every region. High value of diffusion value in the zone along the Yangtze River and Hangzhou Bay is bigger than other zone. And then we discuss that the mechanism of urban comprehensive strength and diffusion path from location, resources, urbanization and construction of main lines of communication which act upon ascend of diffusion capacity.According to evolution theory of regional spatial structure and the core-periphery, by analyzing evolution feature of spatial structure of urban field in the Pan Yangtze River Delta since reform and opening-up, the results show that evolution of spatial structure in the Pan Yangtze River Delta has been through the five phases of gestation development of administrative center, polarization development of administrative center, diffusion spread development of point-axis, transition development of network and core-periphery structure of two laminations. We combine scientific meaning of regional spatial structural elements with it and five types of regional spatial structures were abstracted from evolution feature of spatial structure in the Pan Yangtze River Delta. They are thin point type, scattered block type, band type, wreathlike type and plate type.According to evolution laws and mechanism of spatial structure of economy, accessibility, urban field in the Pan Yangtze River Delta, especially spatial structure urban field, on the principle of establish development axis in accordance with city nodes, establish planes in accordance with axis, we conduct spatial integration for city nodes, industrial development axis and industrial development metropolitan in the Pan Yangtze River Delta and build first grade industrial development axis as a hairbrush compositing of the development axis along the Yangtze River, coastal zone, hu-ning-he, hu-hang-qu. Under first grade industrial development axis of hairbrush, we act Nanjing, Hangzhou, Hefei, Suzhou, Ningbo as diffusion sources and build the second grade development axis. And field strength in the Pan Yangtze River Delta was classed as core area, adjoining area, outer area and based on it urban economic region in the Pan Yangtze River Delta was classed as kernel metropolitan, adjoining metropolitan, outer metropolitan. Further, we propose countermeasures for the regional balance development and the coordinated development of both the urban and rural area and Anhui taking on industrial transfer from the Pan Yangtze River Delta. |
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