Study On Winter Relief In Chongqing City During The Period Of Anti-japanese War(1938-1945)

After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War,all the Chinese people set off a wave of fighting the war and saving the country.And a number of patriotic warfare organizations were set up under the mobilization of National Government.The Winter Relief Committee,a typical seasonal relief organization,was set up during this period.Chongqing Winter Relief Committee was in charge of the winter relief work in Chongqing.Initially,the New Life Promotion Campaign Committee,with a number of government agencies,jointly established Winter Relief Movement Committee,which was lately changed into Chongqing Winter Relief Committee by Social Bureau in order to better play the relief effect.Chongqing Winter Relief Committee was rooted in Chongqing and its relief services served local movement.In terms of its active rescue,Chongqing Winter Relief Committee made a certain contribution to the refugee relief in Chongqing during Anti-Japanese War,especially playing a very important role in winter relief.This article mainly focuses on the winter relief in Chongqing during the War of Resistance against Japan,and is divided into five parts.The first part mainly introduces the research status of winter relief in Chongqing.The second part discusses the background of the establishment of the Winter Relief Committee and analyzes the necessity for winter relief.The third part mainly studies the establishment and operation mechanism of winter relief agency in Chongqing,including the analysis of the evolution process of winter relief in Chongqing,the elaboration of the organization,operating mechanism and expenditure guarantee of Chongqing winter relief committee,and the analysis of the relationship between the Chongqing Winter Relief Committee and other relief agencies,which highlights the uniqueness of the Chongqing Winter Relief Committee in relief.The fourth part elaborates relief content,including relief objectsand review procedures,relief activities,publicity and extended publicity.What's more,relief activities,such as the distribution of the clothing and the funding,the building of the shelter from the cold,are detailedly discussed,which highlights the effect of Chongqing winter relief and the progress of publicity means.The fifth part analyzes the winter relief,including the characteristics,the contribution and the limitation.On the one hand,it plays a good role in relieving the refugees,resisting the war,enhancing the image of the National Government,relieving the pressure of Chongqing city,promoting people's rescue awareness,and strengthening the cohesion of the entire Chinese nation.On the other hand,the irrationality of the winter relief system is pointed out.The bad phenomenon,such as corruption,administrative expenses and price rising,affects the enthusiasm of donation.The sixth part is the conclusion,summarizing the whole paper and analyzing the importance of social assistance to social stability and social development.