The Refugee Relief In Chongqing During The Anti-Japanese War

The problem of refugee during the anti-Japanese war is an important topic in the research of Chinese modern social history. Monographs on the issue have appeared, yet the research of refugee relief in Chongqing of that period is inadequate. With the relevant archives and documents, the thesis makes a systematic and thorough analysis on the refugee relief of Chongqing during the anti-Japanese war. The refugees of Chongqing emerged at the beginning of the break-out of the anti-Japanese war and increased with the course of war. Accordingly, National Government and Chongqing municipal government adjusted original social relief organizations and set up a number of special organizations to launch the relief work. In addition, relevant relief policies and measures were formulated and carried out by National Government and Chongqing municipal government to guide the work of refugee relief in Chongqing, which produced effect. The thesis consists of four parts with about 60,000 Chinese characters. Part 1 gives a brief account of the refugee relief of Chongqing during the anti-Japanese war, including the definition, appearance, development, population and characters as well as the reasons and influence of refugee emergence in Chongqing during the period. Part 2 focuses on the relief organizations and relief policies. Part 3 makes an exposition on the relief measures for Chongqing refugees taken by the National Government, Chongqing municipal government and all circles of society. Part 4 discusses the effects of refugee relief in Chongqing systematically and deeply. Based on the four parts, the thesis affirms that the policy and measures to relief refugees in Chongqing taken by National Government attained the effect of "steady the rear and support the frontline", but also some points out defects for various reasons during the war time. The thesis contains three highlights. 1. Being an initial research on refugee relief in Chongqing of anti-Japanese war, it is valuable academically. 2. It is pioneer to sort out and make use of the archives and newspaper about the topic in Chonqing Archives. 4. The thesis tries to broaden the research scope of anti-Japanese war history in Chongqing so that more about the anti-Japanese war history in Chongqing and domestic refugee relief could be discussed based on it in the future.