Studyon The Chou Characters Of Kunqu Opera

This paper is divided into three chapters, fixing on the history, repertoire and performing arts of Kunqu’s Chou character.The first chapter as "the history of Kunqu’s Chou character" discuss the problem of the development of Kunqu’s Chou which mainly include two aspects. Firstly we retroactive the history of Chou’s brewing, bud and birth. Chou can be traced back to Harlequin in Qin dynasty and Comedians in Han dynasty. Canjun drama in Tang dynasty formed two feet as Canjun and Canghu, and Canjun developed into Fujing of Zaju in Song dynasty, which evaluated into Chou as a character of Chinese opera, which firstly appeared in Nanxi. In the long growing season, Chou always has a distinctive feature of fun and humor. Secondly we outline the developing process of Kunqu’s Chou, mainly around that the dividing line between Jing and Chou and stereotyping among Fu and Chou. Jing’s seriousness caused it divided with Chou and develop into Damian in the middle of the Qing dynasty, In the late Wanli and Tianqi years of Ming dynasty, there has been three kinds of roles as Jing, Zhongjing(Fu) and Xiaojing(Chou). In Qing Dynasty "Yangzhou boats and recorded" writted by Lidou, Jing and Chou is divided into Damian Ermian and Sanmian in "Jianghu twelve role". Thus, the evolution of Kunqu’s Chou has completed.The second chapter as "the repertoire of Kunqu’s Chou character" discuss the problem of the shaping of opera highlights and the dedicated opera highlights of Kunqu’s Chou. We comb the definition and source of opera highlights and think that it should contain two aspects of contents of the text and stage. This article select66opera highlights of Kunqu’s Chou and analyze their categories and characteristics. We try to reflect the characteristics of the repertoire of Kunqu’s Chou through the research on Wuduxi, Jiaoge and "36shengfenduotuyong" writted by Xuanding. We think that Wuduxi is on behalf of the highest achievement of Kunqu’s mimicry performance, maturity in the division and coordination of role trade. As a classic example of the shaping of the dedicated opera highlights of Kunqu’s Chou, its main way is to increase spoken parts and "teach in" between Fu and Chou in Jiaoge.The third chapter as "the performing arts of Kunqu’s Chou character"discuss the problem of the performing arts of Kunqu’s Chou. its aesthetic foundations are court jester tradition, spirit of Lotte, the individual will and Harlequin awareness. We do two case studies on contemporary kunqu actors, naming Yang Mingyu and Wang Chuansong. Yang Mingyu lived in late qing dynasty, the highlight of his performent is the exquisite and rich skills. Wang Chuansong is very good at Fu and Chou, his characteristics are excellent skills in natural performances, seeing the beauty in ugliness, attaining to perfection, he represents the highest achievements of contemporary Kun Chou. Louashu in15guan is most famous artistic image acted by Wang Chuansong, who has high difficulty movement simulation of rat shape and complex performance figure.