Research On Relationships Of Enterprise&Community Affecting Corporate Community Involvement

The development of theory and practice of CSR has been experienced for decades and have great achievements. Compared to the research of effect result of CSR in the field of employee, consumer and environment, the research to corporate community responsibility are still considered embryonic. The core goal of this paper is on the regular pattern of corporate community involvement. On account of Chinese community construction background and community development path different from developed countries, the thesis explores the basic content of corporate community involvement, analyzes the mechanism of relationships between enterprise and community affecting corporate community involvement, and proposes the mutually beneficial mode of corporate community involvement.This thesis adopts the method of literature review, case studies, surveys, and other specific research methods, applying statistical softwares SPSS17.0, AMOS17.0to the survey findings to generate the statistical description, cluster analysis, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, analysis of variance, correlation analysis and structural equation model testing, developing the corporate community involvement scale in the Chinese context, and deducing the mechanism of community relations of enterprise affecting corporate community involvement, and the main results are as follows:First, based on corporate citizenship theory and stakeholder theory,by comprehensively integrating the index of corporate community involvement and community development assessment index of ISO26000, and research on corporate community involvement in the existing foreign documents, based on in-depth interviews of thirty-five community resident committee main staffs, enterprise managers, and government officials, the thesis gives a detailed analysis of basic situations of the enterprise participation in community construction and the expectations of community residents for corporate community involvement, establishes the measurement model of corporate community involvement. After experts interview, a pre-testing for120enterprises and a large sample questionnaire survey of312enterprises, the measurement model is confirmed through structural equation modeling analysis and reliability test and validity test of scale, obtaining the measurement model of corporate community involvement including employment creation, environmental protection and public welfare activities with3potential variables and16observed variables. Employment creation with4observed variables includes giving hiring priority to the local community residents under the same conditions, providing employment assistance for the community persons with disabilities, the investment decisions to create jobs for the community, and providing employment training for the unemployed; Environmental protection with4observed variables includes compliance with the environmental protection laws and regulations in the operation process, timely repairing the damage to the environmental protection caused by the enterprise production, resisting partners’ behavior of environmental destruction, implementation of important environmental protection projects and energy efficiency projects; public welfare activities with8observed variables includes contributions to the investment in charity projects of the community, encouraging and supporting the staff to participate in community voluntary activities, actively donating to transform the community fitness and recreation facilities and the public service facilities, actively donating to charity fund used for the reconstruction of the disaster-affected communities, funding minors to receive formal education, donate local higher education by cooperation of technological development, participation in community cultural construction and helping the protection of cultural heritage, and actively setting up grants to help poor students in community.Second, by placing the impact of relationships between enterprise and community on corporate community involvement within the integrated framework of stakeholder theory, symbiosis theory, organizational sociology new institutionalism theory and embed-ability theory, the thesis analyzes the mechanism of relations between enterprise and community affecting corporate community involvement. The empirical results indicate that:both the ration-based enterprise community interests associated degree and the emotion-based enterprise community embedding degree have a positive impact on the corporate community involvement, and the degree of the enterprise embedded in the community significantly affects the corporate community involvement, and among the impact on the corporate community involvement of the degree of the enterprise embedded in the community, employment creation occupies first place, public welfare activity comes second, environmental protection comes third; enterprise community interests associated degree do not significantly affect the corporate community involvement, but three dimensions of corporate community involvement, and among the impact on corporate community involvement of enterprise community interests associated degree, environmental protection occupies first place, public welfare activity comes second, employment creation comes third; the motivation of corporate community involvement and the community resources mobilization ability play a significant intermediary role in the process of relations between enterprise and community affecting enterprise community participation; the government’s response, the law enforcement environment, the development of non-governmental organizations play a significant regulatory role in the process of enterprise and community relations affecting enterprise community participation; there is a significant difference for enterprises with different sizes and industrial properties in the degree of community participation, there is not a significant difference for enterprises with different system of ownership in the degree of community participation.Third, based on symbiosis theory, by combining case studies and empirical research results, the thesis proposes types of relations between enterprise and community and the modes of corporate community involvement. Although the impact of the interests associated degree between enterprise and community on corporate community involvement was not significant, as the same as enterprise community embedding degree, it has a positive influence on enterprise community participation, combined with the case studies analysis of enterprise and community relations’ impact on the corporate community involvement, the thesis proposes four types of relations between enterprise and community:high community embedding degree high interests associated degree; high community embedding degree low interests associated degree; low community embedding degree high interests associated degree; low community embedding degree low interests associated degree. The different relations between enterprise and community lead to the different levels of corporate community involvement. After introducing the profit motivation and the community motivation of corporate community involvement into the types of relations between enterprise and community, the thesis argues that the corporate community involvement behavior can be divided into four modes:public welfare mode, obligation mode, investment mode, and mutualistic symbiosis mode. Enterprise interact with the community favorably for sustainable development.