The Analysis Of Development Mechanism Of Chinese Grassroots Public Welfare Organization

Since the21st century, the rapid development of grassroots public welfare organizations, become the main force of the public welfare undertakings. As the real folk organization, grassroots public welfare organization is of great significance for the development of China’s public welfare undertakings, in the field of social construction and development, the reform of the government functions, the system of social management innovation and transformation of social integration, the construction of social capital, social spiritual civilization construction and so on. However, due to the limitation of the external environment and the immaturity of grassroots public welfare organization itself, the overall development of the grassroots public welfare organization is not optimistic, and need to be the further theoretical research. However, existing research on grassroots public welfare organization is drowned out by a large number of nonprofit organizations, non-governmental organizations, NGOs and civil society institute; And scholars pay more attention to the official public welfare organization than to the grassroots public welfare organization. However, limited study on grassroots public welfare organization is make out through the macro perspective of overall research than by researching its operation and development dynamically and from the perspective of grassroots organization itself.Because of this, this article choose the development of grassroots public welfare organization as the theme, using the perspective of grassroots public welfare organization to explore its way to develop when it was under the background of social transformation and be in the face of the dual influence of internal and external environment, through the perspective of the combination of the macro perspective of the social transformation and the related theory of the medium point of view. On concrete method, the qualitative research method is used to select a typical case from the grassroots public welfare organizations, and then the development and characteristics of three operation and management mechanism which is crucial importance to the survival and development of grass-roots public welfare organization, such as resources mobilization, internal control and internal incentive and mechanisms, were respectively under detail description; and its momentum of development and logic are analyzed. Finally, we explore the way of the grassroots public welfare organizations to development by discussing commonality and inner link of development among the three mechanism. Based on the case study, the basic conclusion we have reached is as follow:(1) on resource mobilization mechanism of grassroots public welfare organization:resource mobilization mechanism is the basis for the development of grassroots public welfare organization implementation mechanism. The kind of the legitimacy that the grass-roots public welfare organizations possess will decide the way of resource mobilization that the grass-roots public welfare organizations can adopt and the resources type it can mobilize; and the organization quality and ability of a grass-roots public welfare organizations determines the effect of resource mobilization to a great extent. However, under the background of social transformation, the legitimacy is mainly provided by the state and society while quality and ability is the soft rib of grassroots public welfare organization development. As a result, to extend the legitimacy of the organization and to improve the quality and ability of organization become an important strategy for grass-roots public organization to develop its resource mobilization mechanism. With the development of these two factors, resource mobilization mechanism of grassroots public welfare organization has experienced from simple to complex and a stepped development course, finally formed by " One Body Two Wings " mobilization system structure which take quasi social mobilization" as the main body and supplement with personal mobilization and marketization. Such mobilization system structure reflects the fact that grassroots public welfare organization industriously keep its autonomy while adapting to the pattern of "Strong state,weak society" and social transformation environment from their own conditions.(2) The internal governance mechanism about grass-roots public welfare organization:A fine internal governance mechanism is beneficial to the organization’s decision making and management to adapt to the internal and external environment, so as to save the sustained and healthy development of the organization. Putting the development of China’s grassroots public welfare organization governance mechanism in the macroscopic background of transforming social governance model, and combining the theory of authority, this article analyzes the motivation, the characteristics and the barrier of the development of Chinese grassroots public welfare organization governance mechanism, putting forward that it is necessary to construct the model of synthetical governance which combining founder governance with institutionalized management according to the reality of conditions. This paper believes that traditional governance culture is the organization incentive development macroscopic background, the organization structure of resource mobilization is fundamental in the development of grassroots public welfare organization internal governance mechanism influencing factors; The grassroots public welfare organization’s capacity for independent innovation is the guarantee of governance mechanism to maintain relative autonomy. Due to the mutual influence of external environment and conditions, a founder of governance mode has been formed in the early stage of Chinese grassroots public welfare organizations, and then, with the growth of the organization, it will gradually transform into institutionalize governance model on a difficult journey. To investigate its reason, it is because that the two kinds of governance modes both has its rationality and advantages, as well as its flaws, but only with a single form of governance mode, it is difficult to deal with the grass-roots public governance needs of the organization when be under the influence of external environment and internal conditions, therefore, the comprehensive governance model that combine founder (elite)governance with the institutionalized management become the grass-roots public welfare organization realistic choice.(3) on grassroots public welfare organization of internal incentive mechanism:The internal incentive mechanism is the power of grassroots public welfare organization and stability mechanism. This paper analyzed the needs of the social transition according to Marxist theory, pointing out that incentive mechanism of grassroots public welfare organization development restrained by external environment and internal conditions, as a result, grassroots public welfare organization often encountered with insufficient material incentive and low efficiency spirit incentive which are two big incentive problems as well as two core issues on the way of the development of the incentive mechanism. With the increase of resources and ability of the grassroots public welfare organization, the incentive mechanism gradually develops from a single "spirit community" into a comprehensive and complete incentive system which taking the "spirit community " as the guide," and making the business community" as the core, constructing "living community" as the security. Such incentive mechanism not only adapt to the social transformation period development characteristics of people’s needs, but also fully embodies the advantages of grassroots public welfare organization, making the organization members to combine closely his/her personal destiny with the destiny of the organization to make sure that every individual’s comprehensive and coordinated development can be attained while the social mission of the organization has been realized.4) on the development path of China’s grassroots public welfare organization:The commonality and inner link of development among the resource mobilization mechanism, internal governance mechanism and incentive mechanism of grassroots public welfare organization reflects its development path. This article explains the development of grassroots public welfare organization from a four dimensional model which include the government, society, market and organization itself, thinking of that in the four variables, government is the dominant factor, society is an important one, and as an emerging factors, market be in a supplementary position, and for the grassroots public welfare organization itself, it is the most direct factor. The relationship among the four variables will decide the development path of grassroots public welfare organization, such as the government orientation development path, social orientation development path and market orientation development path, and so on. All three has it advantages and disadvantages, and be in different difficulty when being implemented. None of the three kinds of development path can solve all the issues that the organization be faced with successfully only by itself. According to the external environment and the internal condition, combing the government orientation, social orientation and market orientation together to form the a comprehensive orientation of development path that takes the government orientation as the guide, based on the social orientation and the main body, with market orientation as the supplement is really beneficial to the development of grassroots public welfare organization." The development path of relying on system to independently develop " is the typical representative comprehensive orientation one for the grassroots public welfare organization.