Research On Emergency Traffic Evacuation

In recent years, the disastrous incidents to be reported at home and abroad,ranging from natural disasters, such as earthquakes, typhoons, landslides, floods, etc,and also man-made disasters, such as terrorist attacks, chemical spills, etc, whichposes a great threat to people’s lives。Relevant research institutions and governmentresearch, introduce, and improve mechanisms for early warning and emergencymanagement of disaster emergency. Among them, as an important means to avoidharm or mitigate catastrophic events and secondary victimization and represented anembodiment of the people-oriented, the emergency traffic evacuation became animportant part of emergency management.Based on existing emergency traffic evacuation studies at home and abroad, thisarticle combining characteristics of disastrous incidents, research on emergencytraffic evacuation strategy deeply from the systemic, dynamic and targeted view. Bysummarizing recent representative of actual harm caused by some unexpected disasterevents, this article clarified the uncertainties and hazards of sudden-onset disasterschallenge to emergency management, emphasized the theoretical significance andpractical significance of this study. In accordance with emergency evacuationprocedures, this article overview of the study on evacuation phase both at home andabroad, and given the classification of existing emergency evacuation model s from themacro-levels, meso-levels and micro-levels, highlighted the emphases and difficultiesof emergency traffic evacuation studies. This paper also summarizes the time ofevacuation emergency evacuation, evacuation, evacuation and evacuation of regionalscale four elements effect on emergency evacuation, emergency evacuation modelgives the shortest path, minimum time model for emergency evacuation emergencyevacuation model, minimal risk, and conducted an analysis of simulation method.Analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the three basic models based onconsidering emergency sorting, grading and related traffic demand characteristics,emergency evacuation are classified as point to point, point to three main types of faceto face and on the other side, proposed a classification research ideas developevacuation strategy as a whole.Different from the usual way that people evacuated to destinations only considerthe fastest way, this paper also focus on the evacuation in the evacuation process maybe the risk of disaster damage, pointed out that the risks will seriously affect the feasibility and effectiveness of the emergency evacuation plan, most p eople evacuatedto the destination is the fundamental goal of safety, and emergency evacuation for theissues raised both considered the shortest path, also taking into account the safeevacuation process of multi-objective model of evacuation from point to point whendevelop the point to point emergency evacuation point strategy. By given weight totwo goals after the model into a single destination, model based on the k-shortestpaths, using multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm to design thealgorithm gives both consider evacuation route and consider evacuation safety ofevacuation strategies. Emergency evacuation is available through the various sectionsof the road network increases the value-at-risk, design and solution of the examplereflects the more realistic emergency evacuation policy effectiveness.Due to the hurricane disaster, evacuate crowds only need leaving the area ofhurricane damage, so this article has a case study of hurricane evacuation study pointopposite the emergency evacuation policy problems. Taking into account the scope ofhurricane damage, has an obvious hazard size characteristics change over time,constructed under the dynamic risk Hurricane emergency evacuation models, reflectsthe emergency evacuation and security requirements. In with time parameter equationform portrays Hurricane mobile path and against size of based Shang, to our has roadnetwork last points of risk measure method, to units time within risk fall maximum forprinciples developed has emergency evacuation strategy, last design has must scale ofis cases, to ideal road network and exists traffic bottlenecks of road networkrespectively for has simulation, validation has strategy of feasibility.Area-to-area evacuation groups, areas and environment are extremely complex,and given multimodal logistics can improve the efficiency of cargo transport, toensure that the population can be evacuated references of intermodal logistics concept,put forward the idea of multi-modal emergency evacuation sparse. The same time, thehuge demand for area-to-area evacuation on the basis of data, the paper emphasizesthe practical demonstration of the powerful features of GIS in road network access,the security zone identification, evacuation object distribution, and the combination ofanchor method evacuation difficult areas identification. Typical area-to-areaevacuation-evacuation of flood disasters, for example, the design of the system andcoordination of multiple transportation modes applications and seaml ess connection tothe city’s flood evacuation, for example, verify that the multi-modal sparse inarea-to-area emergency evacuation the feasibility and superiority.This article departure from the actual characteristics of the emergency classification research ideas, as much as possible the use of quantitative modeling andsimulation visualization method of emergency evacuation strategy, get someconsideration in a more comprehensive and more dynamic evacuation, moresystematic method of emergency evacuation strategies to respond to emergencies tothe relevant agencies to develop emergency evacuation plan to provide a reference,but also for the advancement of research provides a new way of thinking.